Őntazra
Grammar:
The language follows the Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) word order.
Parts of Speech: The language has Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, Verbs, Adverbs, Prepositions, and Determiners.
Noun Declensions: Nouns have Nominative, Genitive, Accusative, Dative, Locative, Sociative, and Possessed forms.
Noun Pluralization: There are three numbers - Singular, Plural, and Dual.
Singular: Remains unchanged.
Plural: Has two endings - “-íōn” and “-shōn” based on the last letter of the word.
Dual: Uses the ending “-e” and is used for natural pairs.
Verb Conjugation: Based on Tense, Aspect, Mood, and Person.
Verb Tenses:
Verb Tenses
Present tense: The action is happening in the present.
English: “I eat an apple.” Őntazra: “Ged çhō pōemō.”
English: “You eat an apple.” Őntazra: “Ged te pōemō.”
English: “He eats an apple.” Őntazra: “Gōd temőt pōemō.”
English: “We eat an apple.” Őntazra: “ Ged ví pōemō.”
English: “Y’all eat an apple.” Őntazra: “Gedí sín pōemō.”
English: “They eat an apple.” Őntazra: “Ge teta pōemō.”
Past tense: The action happened in the past. - add “-ine”/“-kine” to verb.
English: "I walked to the park." Őntazra: "fedine çhō the rech’en."
“You walked to the park.” - “fedine te the rech’en.”
“He walked to the park.” - “fedinō temőt the rech’en.”
“We walked to the park.” - “fedined ví the rech’en.”
“Y’all walked to the park.” - “fedinekí sín the rech’en.”
“They walked to the park.” - “fedin teta the rech’en.”
Future tense: The action will happen in the future. - add “-ich” or “-lich.”
English: “I will go.” Őntazra: “Írelich çhō.”
“You will go.” - “Írelich te.”
“He will go.” - “Írelish temőt.”
“We will go.” - “Írelid ví.”
“Y’all will go.” - “Írelidí sín.”
“They will go.” - Írelí teta.”
Verb Aspects:
Simple aspect: The action is described without emphasis on its completion or duration. - add “Krōe-”/“Krōe’-” to the verb.
English: "She writes a letter." Őntazra: "Krōethekin tehan daenső."
Continuous aspect: The action is ongoing or in progress. - add “-ine” to the verb and “-arwn” to the thing in progress.
English: "We are studying for the exam." Őntazra: "Vrgine ví ijarwn-tchí."
Verb Moods:
Indicative mood: The action is presented as a fact or reality. - add “-ywn” to the verb.
English: "She sings beautifully." Őntazra: "fengywn tehan kwpgwrw."
Imperative mood: The action is expressed as a command or instruction. - add “-len” to the verb
English: "Close the door." Őntazra: "Tenklen Khmeí."
Simple aspect: The action is described without emphasis on its completion or duration, indicated by adding “Krōe-”/“Krōe’-” to the verb.
Continuous aspect: The action is ongoing or in progress, indicated by adding “-ine” to the verb and “-arwn” to the thing in progress.
Verb Moods:
Indicative mood: The action is presented as a fact or reality, indicated by adding “-ywn” to the verb.
Imperative mood: The action is expressed as a command or instruction, indicated by adding “-len” to the verb.
Adjectives:
Adjectives agree with Nouns in number.
For pluralization, adjectives use either “-s” or “-llae” based on the word's ending.
“-s” is usually used for words that end in consonants and the vowels “í” and “e”
“-llí” is usually used for words that end in vowels that aren’t “í” or “e”
Articles:
“L’” is used for “a/an.” But only as emphasis.
The ending “ ‘r ” is used for “are/am/is/be” (and “ ‘er ” if following a consonant).
The ending “ ‘n “ is used for “The” (and “ ‘en ” if following a consonant).
Emphasis:
To add emphasis, words are repeated.
Consonant Mutation:
Consonant mutation occurs between two vowels and when a noun is described by an adjective.
The Connector:
Adding “-ta-” between two words connects them, similar to adding “of” in English.
Derivation:
Different Affixes can produce words belonging to the same family, such as Diminutive “-Ene” and Negative “Çhe-”.
Noun Endings:
Nominative: Nothing changes to the noun.
Genitive: Uses the preposition “nō” between the word and the thing which the noun possesses.
Accusative: Expressed with the suffix, "-ō" or "-dō" if following a vowel.
Dative:
Locative: Expressed by prepositions before the location, after the subject.
Sociative: Expressed by prepositions after the noun, with an ending added to the word before.
Possessed: Uses the ending “khe” and adds a preposition after the possessed noun, but before the possessor.
Pronunciation:
“YEA” is pronounced “Yuh.”
“OE” is pronounced like “Oi.”