Gran Colombia

With the conquest of Spain by Napoleon, the Spanish colonies eventually grew in open rebellion. While some nations such as Peru and Argentina were declared monarchies, Gran Colombia was declared a republic under Simon Bolivar as President.

In 1822, following the Colombian annexation of the territory of Quito, Bolivar met with Argentine Jose de San Martin while the latter was fighting to liberate Peru. Bolivar offered Colombian support, but on the condition that Peru be made a republic and join Gran Colombia. San Martin, having royalist ideologies, refused, and Bolivar returned to Colombia. Peru later become a monarchy under John I.

In 1825, Colombia hosted the Congress of Panama in order to secure its prestige among the growing New World Powers. However, many of those in attendance included the monarchies of North and South America, who had no interest in Bolivar's republic tendencies.

In 1828, Bolivar was forced to resign as his ministers felt he was attempting to amount too much power in the Presidency. Later that year, Colombia had the Convention of Ocana in an attempt to reform the government. Federalism won out, and the republic was decentralized under the Presidency of Francisco de Paula Santander beginning in 1831. Colombia was held together by Santander's guidance and the fear of the powerful monarchies expanding their borders.

In order to help balance the economy, Santander attempted to get funding from Great Britain. However, Britain had already sent funds that were squandered under Colombia's corruption. Santander began a purge of corrupt politicians within the federal government, enacting harsh punishments on embezzlement. As such, Colombia eventually gained a reputation as a reputable nation. A treaty was signed between Colombia and Britain in 1830.

This fear of neighboring monarchies grew as Peru and Colombia went to war over border disputes in 1828 to 1829. The war ended in a slight Peruvian victory, with much of the territory of Quito being annexed by the Kingdom of Peru. However, as Peru was unable to hold the entire territory, Gran Colombia managed to retain a large portion in the negotiations.

The tensions further grew as Gran Colombia protested the Partition of Charcas in 1846. This saw the territory of Charcas be partitioned between Peru, Argentina, and Brazil. Gran Colombia's protests went unheeded.

Colombia protested the conviction of American republicans following the Texas Rebellion in 1847. Colombia was among those that argued Texas was a separate territory and therefore could not technically be convicted of treason against America. This protest further hindered relations between America and Colombia.

In 1864, Peru and Chile went to war against Spain over the Chincha Islands. Gran Colombia joined the war on the side of Peru and Chile, and the war ended in a victory for the coalition in 1866.

In 1865, Gran Colombia was suspected of supporting the republican coups against the First Mexcian Empire. Though Colombia denied the accusations, they were the first to recognize the republican provisional government, and were silent about the executions of the Imperial Family. Colombia also argued against American intervention and subsequent planting of Miguel as the new emperor, and welcomed a return to republicanism.

In 1868, Colombia supported Cuba in their war for independence, and sent forces to the island. Following the war, Cuba joined Gran Colombia against the protests of America.

During the Mexican Revolutionary War, Colombia supported both the Republic of Mexico and the Republic of Rio Grande, while denouncing the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Central America. Colombia offered to host the negotiations in 1871, but since they were still at war with Spain, they were refused in preference to Oregon. Colombia annexed Costa Rica as the territory declined to join the Grand Duchy.

In 1878, Colombia was once again accused of aiding and fostering a republican coups against Pedro II of Brazil. Colombia once again denied the accusations, though diplomatically supported the republican government against the reestablishment of the monarchy.

During the Great War, Gran Colombia supported neutrality in the Congress of Columbia, though sought territory in British Guiana. WIth the British defeat in the war and the subsequent declaration of the Anglo-Irish Empire, Colombia attempted to purchase the lands, but were unsuccessful. With the growth of nationalism and communism in Europe, Colombia flirted with the idea of military intervention.

Gran Colombia was not free from the Economic Panic of 1922, as Great Britain revoked financial support for the New World. Colombia saw this as a renege on their original treaty, where Colombia agreed to cede the territory of Essequibo in exchange for financial backing. With the withdrawal of this funding, Colombia demanded the return of the territory.

When the Grand Duchy of Central America reformed into the Kingdom of Catrachia, Colombia signed a defensive alliance. After which, Colombia subsequently also signed a similar alliance with the newly formed Second Mexican Empire under Antonio I. Antonio agreed to support Colombia in British Guiana if Colombia supported Antonio's claims over British Honduras. When this threatened war, America under James I attempted to mediate, but both sides accused him of colluding with the other, and negotiations broke down.

James of America approached the President of Colombia in order to try and ease historical tensions and bring Colombia into the newly formed Pan-American Confederation. Colombia, however, refused to join any alliance under strict stipulations. Colombia wanted assistance in Guyana against Great Britain, shared control over the Nicaragua Canal, and help in construction of a second canal in Panama of which they offered shared ownership. America initially refused, but when the American navy was ambushed in the Battle of Guam, Colombia relaxed their demands and agreed to supply America during the Pacific War. It wasn't until Great Britain declared war on America, beginning the larger World War, that the Colombian government agreed to join the PAC. The Colombian army invaded Guyana in order to strangle the British military capabilities in the American theater.

Colombia has friendly relations with the Republics of Mexico and Chile, while being competitive against the Kingdom of America.

Beginning at the point of independence of the two, Colombia and Haiti were allies. However, once the latter declared itself a kingdom under the tutelage of America, diplomatic relations were suspended and have not fully recovered.