Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
History
formed at the end of the Russian Civil war in 1922, The USSR was the first communist country ever to be established. In 1924, the country's first leader, Vladimir Lenin died. Joseph Stalin took complete dictatorial control of the country. His policies would lead the country into famine, resulting in the death of millions. He also had all his political opponents jailed, killed, or exiled. In 1939, taking advantage of the Second World War, the USSR invaded Poland, splitting it with the 3rd Reich. Other bordering countries and territories were annexed soon after. In 1941, The 3rd Reich invaded The USSR. However, Their forces were not prepared for the winter, and could not conquer the country. In 1945, The USSR took the Reich's Capital of Berlin. Shortly after, the USSR invaded Japanese occupied territories. After Japan surrendered, World War II was over. Stalin went about installing new Dictatorships in the territories he had occupied, starting the cold war. In 1949, the USSR tested its first nuclear bomb. The USSR would continue as a dictatorship constantly threatening nuclear annihilation until the late 1980s, when the country began making Democratic reforms. However, it was too late, and the different parts of the country declared independence in 1990 and 1991, ending the country.
Disbandment
On March 11th, 1990, Lithuania declared independence from the USSR. By December of 1991, the USSR was a government without any land under its control as all parts of the country had declared independence. On December 26th, 1991, The USSR was dissolved.
Technological Level
The USSR was a leading nation in the Space Race, from 1957-1969, during which the United States of America and the USSR would compete in technological superiority in space. It was started when the USSR put the satellite Sputnik1 in orbit in 1957, and then a person, Yuri Gagarin, in 1961. But the Space Race would end in 1969 WHen the United States began missions to the Moon, which would last until 1973. The poster below shows Yuri Gagarin leaping from the old world of the early 20th century into the new world of space exploration.
DISBANDED/DISSOLVED
Workers of the World, Unite!
December 1922 - December 1991
Type
Geopolitical, Country
Capital
Alternative Names
USSR, CCCP, Soviet Union.
Successor Organization
Demonym
Soviet
Government System
Dictatorship
Power Structure
Federation
Economic System
Command/Planned economy
Currency
Soviet Ruble
Legislative Body
Supreme Soviet of the USSR
Judicial Body
The Soviet Supreme Court
Neighboring Nations
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