Earth's Neolithic Cultural Horizon
Geography
Remove these ads. Join the Worldbuilders Guild
Display your locations, species, organizations and so much more in a tree structure to bring your world to life!
Glaciers melted in Europe, and paleolithic hunter-gatherers with Neanderthal ancestry survived migrating north again, as the land was reexposed. (This was 9 millennia before the time of the Roman empire.)
Earth's Neolithic Cultural-Horizon spread from South Asia and Mesopotamia, onward in all directions, by sea and land. They mixed with hunter-gatherers a little, but these were agriculturalists, growing grain with sophisticated water-works, and networks of round mounded-settlements. Their ancestors had been in southern Eurasia before and during the ice-age.
Neolithic people built round cities in eastern Europe, with circular avenues, neighborhood buildings, and open centers. For example, in Talianki in Eastern Europe, the Cucuteni–Trypillia Culture lived in such a Round City from roughly 3600 BCE.
Neolithic people built mounded cities in the Near East, for example Catalhuyuk was lived in between 7100 BCE and 5700 BCE.
Neolithic peoples domesticated donkeys. The oldest known evidence of domesticated donkeys is in East Africa, over 7,000 years ago. This was 2,500 years before domesticated horses in the Western Steppe lands of Eurasia.
Two thousand years before Indo-Europeans arrived, Neolithic people domesticated the river-type water buffalo in western South Asia (which includes the Indus Valley region). From there, they brought it west as far as Egypt, southern Europe, the Levant, and the Mediterranean regions.
Western Steppe Herders (WSH) wielded technologies of wheeled carts and horses, to spread out in explosively fast migrations. These were the spreaders of Proto-Indo-European languages.
Their ancestry was Eastern (Asian) Hunter-Gatherer, Western (European) Hunter-Gatherer, and Ancient North-Eurasian megafauna hunters.
Before the Bronze Age culture reaches the Atlantic Ocean, Neolithic people build structures like Stone Henge, on the western-island fringes of European lands. Other stone circles are constructed all over Europe from roughly 5000 BCD to -2500 BCE.
Gilgamesh was a mythic ruler of Uruk, around 2900 BCE to 2700 BCE. His story is the story of how Enkidu (horse, chariot, and bronze-weapon wielding wild-men) bring their military might to leadership of old-neolithic agricultural cities of the Middle East.
The great Egyptian Pyramids of Giza, and others were built during Egypts 4th Dynasty which reigned 2613 BCE to 2494 BCE. Pryamid design was based on mastabas, and earlier Neolithic mounds over deep vertical pits.
Comments