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The Outspoken

Overcasting Spells

Optional House Rule

The Idea


A magic user trains their magic channels in order to be able to cast higher level magics without straining their physical bodies as a result. By this logic, a caster is able to--at great risk to themselves--attempt to cast magic beyond the limits that they have trained themselves to comfortably sustain.

 

When is the Overcasting Rule Used?


At first glance, the conditions that lead to overcasting seem pretty straight forward. However, there are more subtle conditions that can trigger overcasting. Below are a list of conditions that can bring the Overcasting Rules into play (at DM's discretion):

  • A caster is attempting to cast a spell of a level higher than they currently have access to.
  • Example: A 1st level cleric attempts to cast Mass Cure Wounds.
  • A caster is attempting to upcast a spell of a level higher than they currently have access to.
  • Example: A 6th Level Druid attempts to cast Call Lighting at 4th Level.
  • A caster is attempting to cast a spell of a level they no longer have spell slots for.
  • Example: A 3rd level Wizard who no longer has 2nd level spell slots attempts to cast another 2nd level spell.
  • A caster is attempting to use a spell scroll of a spell of a level higher than their highest spell slot.
  • Example: A 2nd Level Wizard attempting to use a Scroll of Fireball.
  • A caster is attempting to use a spell scroll of a spell not in their class's spell list.
  • Example: A Sorcerer attempting to cast Call Lightning, a Druid spell.
  • A caster is attempting to complete a ritual that a more powerful caster initiated but left incomplete.
  • This condition mainly appears as plot points at the GM's discretion, as opposed to being triggered in relation to fixed listed spells or casting in combat.
  • A character without spell slots attempts to use a spell scroll.
  • Example: A Fighter attempts to use a Scroll of Burning Hands.
  • Whenever the Overcasting rule is triggered by one or more of the above conditions, the caster (and any characters contributing to the overcasting) must accumulate enough Casting Points (CP) to successfully cast the spell or suffer varying degrees of consequences. The amount of Casting Points required to successfully complete the overcasting and how to accumulate said points are listed in the following sections.


    The Cost


    In order to cast spells at levels a character doesn't have spell slots for (or currently no longer has spell slots for, in the case that they have been expended prior), the caster must reach a certain amount of Casting Points in order to successfully cast the spell.

    Repercussions of Overcasting

    Mechanics

  • If the cost is greater than or equal to the caster's remaining Casting Points using the 100% HP Column, the spell activates successfully before the caster goes unconscious.
  • If the cost is equal to the caster's remaining Casting Points using the 200% HP Column, the spell still activates successfully before the caster dies.
  • If the cost is greater than the caster's remaining Casting Points using the 200% HP Column, the spell fails and the caster dies immediately.
  • The damage caused from overcasting or contributing to the overcasting of a spell is cannot be reduced by resistances or immunities to damage types.
  • Thematics (Optional)

    Using magic repeatedly is something that is gradually exhausting the spellcaster, just as a martial combatant would tire over time from repeated physical exertion. Casting magic uses a physical aspect that most mortals possess, called the Channels of Magic. When running out of spell slots, a spellcaster can experience symptoms such as weak muscles, slightly blurred vision, nausea, etc.

    These symptoms will not mechanically impede the character (unless the player opts for it). They are meant to add a sense of tension and drama for magic users to play up the severity of their lack of resources. It also makes the repercussion of potentially falling unconscious from overcasting feel more natural.


    Overcast Cost Table

    The value of an Overcast Spell Slot is listed below:  

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    Table of Content

    Multiple Casters Participating in Overcasting


    Multiple casters can contribute to the overcasting of a single spell. Each caster chooses how much they wish to contribute (using either Spell Slots or HP) to attempt to meet the overcast cost of the target spell level.

    Examples

    Casters of the Same Class/Spell List
  • Two 3rd Level Wizards attempt to cast a Fireball spell using a spell scroll.
  • Each of them can contribute two 2nd Level spell slots (8 CP) and one can contribute a single 1st level spell slot (1 CP) to reach the 9 CP cost of overcasting a 3rd Level spell.
  • Alternatively, one of them can sacrifice 100% of their HP instead of a 1st Level spell slot (if they no longer have any available) in order to successfully complete the casting.

  • A 5th Level Cleric attempts to upcast Daylight as a 5th Level Spell in the presence of a 9th Level Cleric.
  • The 5th Level Cleric initiates the spell, but the 9th Level Cleric expends their 5th level spell slot to completely fulfill the spell's requirement without triggering the overcast rule.
  • Casters of Different Classes/Spell Lists
  • A 5th Level Paladin attempts to cast a 3rd Level Paladin spell with the assistance of a 5th Level Druid.
  • The Druid's 3rd Level spell slot will not completely fulfill the requirement of the spell, instead triggering the overcast rule due to the spell not being one in the Druid spell list.
  • The Druid and Paladin contribute CP to the overcasting as normal.

  • Contributing to Overcasting In Combat

    A character that is not the core caster of a spell can contribute CP to the spell in combat using the "Contribute to an Overcast spell" action in the following ways:
  • For spells that have a casting time of an Action or a Bonus Action:
  • A character can move to be within 5 ft. of the caster and Ready an Action to be triggered by the caster initiating the overcasting of the spell.
  • A character within 5 ft. of the caster can use a reaction to contribute to the spell.
  • For spells that have a casting time of 1 round or longer:
  • A character can contribute to the spell at any time after the moment the spell is initiated and before the spell is complete.

  • How Much Can a Character Overcast?


      The amount of Casting Points (CP) a character has access to is dependent on two factors: their level and the amount and level of spell slots they have access to. The tables below provide information on how to calculate the amount of Casting Points a character has access to for overcasting spells, as well as quick reference as to how many Casting Points single-classed characters should have when they are at their full strength.  

    Casting Points by Character Level

      Regardless of a character's experience with the magical arts and their ability to use their magic channels, a character with a powerful spirit has a greater pool of life energy to pull from to fuel magical artifacts and scrolls. The formula below provides a way to calculate exactly how much HP a character must sacrifice to achieve a certain amount of CP:  

    Calculating HP to CP Conversion


  • Max HP / Max CP Using 100% = HP per CP
  • Cannot sacrifice a decimal amount of HP.
  • HP Decimals are rounded up.
  • CP Decimals are rounded down.
  • Minimum of 1 HP Sacrificed per CP.

  • If you or a player wants to avoid granularity, the following tables provide general estimates (in intervals of 10%) of how much CP is gained from a character sacrificing certain percentages of their maximum HP:  

    *If a player character reaches (-100%) of their maximum HP due to contributing HP-based CP to a spell, the character immediately dies, regardless of whether the spell was successfully cast or not.

     

    Quick Reference Tables


     

    Casting Points for Full Casters

     
     

    Casting Points for Half Casters

     
     

    Calculating Casting Points for Multiclassing Characters

      For characters with levels in multiple classes, use the following to calculate the total CP the character should have:
  • Add up all of their class levels together to determine their HP-based CP Value from the Casting Points By Character Level Table.
  • Use the Casting Point Value Of Spell Slots Table to add up the Spell Slot-based CP the character has available based on the spell slots available from each class with spell slots.
  • Examples
  • 5th Level Wizard/5th Level Fighter
  • Level: 5 + 5 = 10 -> 10th Level CP = 8 CP
  • Spell Slots: Four 1st, three 2nd, two 3rd -> 4 + 6 + 8 = 18 CP
  • 8 + 18 = 26 CP using 100% HP
  • 16 + 18 = 34 CP using 200% HP
  • 11th Level Cleric/9th Level Paladin
  • Level: 11 + 9 = 20 -> 20th Level CP = 256 CP
  • Cleric Spell Slots: Four 1st, three 2nd, three 3rd, two 4th, one 5th -> 4 + 6 + 12 + 16 + 16 = 54 CP
  • Paladin Spell Slots: Four 1st, three 2nd, two 3rd -> 4 + 6 + 8 = 18 CP
  • 256 + 54 + 18 = 328 CP using 100% HP
  • 512 + 54 + 18 = 584 CP using 200% HP

  • Using Bloodstone in Casting or Overcasting

    *Bloodstone is a unique naturally-occurring gem that can capture the souls of creatures that die in its vicinity. For the full details of this gem, see Bloodstone.

    When using bloodstone to fuel magic, the total Casting Points required to successfully cast a spell still abides by the Overcasting Spell Slots Costs table. They simply act as an additional pool of CP the caster can draw from.

    Grams of Bloodstone per Casting Point

    *The density is ~3.407 g/cm3, for all the fantastic nerds out there that want to figure out how much it hurts to throw these soul-sucking rocks at people.

    Every 0.5 lbs (~227 g) of fully charged bloodstone is equivalent to 1 CP. 1.5 lbs (~680 g) of bloodstone is the size of a baseball.

    Charging Bloodstone

    *This is a short list just for reference. For the full details of charging bloodstone, see the main article.

  • Killing Creatures
  • 6 CR 1 or lower creatures = 1 CP
  • 2 CR 2 creatures = 1 CP
  • CR 3+ creature = 2(CR / 2, rounded down) CP
  • When killing a creature with innate spellcasting abilities, all of its remaining spell slots are included in the CP absorbed in nearby bloodstone, as specified in the Casting Point Value Of Spell Slots table.
  • Killing Leveled Characters
  • The base amount of CP absorbed is equal to the value in the 100% HP column on the Casting Points by Character Level table, based on the character's total levels.
  • When killing a leveled character with spell slots, all of its remaining spell slots are included in the CP absorbed in nearby bloodstone, as specified in the Casting Point Value Of Spell Slots table.

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