Common Duovaren (v0.2)

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Spelling & Phonology

  Consonant inventory: b d f h j k l m n q r s t w x z ð ħ ɣ ʃ ʔ ʤ θ  
Place→
↓Manner
BilabialLabio-
dental
DentalAlveolarPalato-alveolarPalatalVelarUvularPharyngealGlottal
Nasalmn
Stopbt dkqʔ
Affricateʤ
Fricativefθ ðs zʃx ɣħh
Approximantj
Trillr
Lateral approximantl
  Co-articulated phonemes  
↓Manner/Place→Labial-velar
Approximantw
  Vowel inventory: a e i iː oː u uː  
FrontBack
Highiː iu uː
High-mide
Lowa
  Syllable structure: Custom defined
Stress pattern: Ultimate — stress is on the last syllable   Spelling rules:  
PronunciationSpelling
iiʔ / _V
ʔ
θth
jy
ʤj
xkh
ðdh
ʃsh
ɣgh
ħxh
o
uu’ / _#
uu’ / _V
ii’ / _#
wh / _#
 

Grammar

  Main word order: Subject Verb (Prepositional Phrase) Object. “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened with a key the door.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned after the noun.  

Verb affixes

 
Remote pastSuffix -iː
dasï /daˈsiː/ learn (long ago)
PastSuffix -oː
daso /daˈsoː/ learned
PresentNo affix
das /das/ learn
FutureSuffix -a
dasa /daˈsa/ will learn
Remote futureSuffix -iw
dasih /daˈsiw/ will learn (long from now)
PerfectiveIf ends with vowel: Suffix -ħ
Else: Suffix -eħ
dasexh /daˈseħ/ learn
HabitualIf ends with vowel: Suffix -ba
Else: Suffix -iːba
dasïba /dasiːˈba/ learn (often, habitually)
ProgressiveSuffix -um
dasum /daˈsum/ be learning
PerfectReduplicate first part of first syllable
dadas /daˈdas/ have learned

Noun affixes

 
SingularNo affix
mitu’ /miˈtu/ dog
PluralPrefix siː-
sïmitu’ /miːmiˈtu/ dogs
 

Pronouns

 
SingularPlural
1st person inclusive n/a ha /ha/ we, us, ours (including addressee)
1st person exclusiveso /soː/ I, me, mine al /al/ we, us, ours (excluding addressee)
2nd personma /ma/ you, yours qoy /qoːj/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd personmïk /miːk/ he, him, his, she, her, hers, they, them, theirs rï /riː/ they, them, theirs
 

Numbers

  Common Duovaren has a base-20 number system:  
1 - tïm
2 - mih
3 - mïh
4 - hik
5 - ba
6 - bob
7 - ïyad
8 - ku’
9 - yeke
10 - wayï
11 - lüh
12 - mom
13 - kuh
14 - yemar
15 - yif
16 - ni’
17 - ya
18 - ja
19 - mï
20 - wa
400 - yïmïnï
8000 - yü

 

Derivational morphology

 
Adjective / adverb → verb = u(')- /u(ʔ)/
Noun → verb = uk- /uk/   Adjective / adverb → noun = za(')- /za(ʔ)/
Verb → noun = zï- /ziː/   Noun / verb → adjective = h(a)- /ha/
Adverb → adjective = tha- /θa/   Noun / verb → adverb = h(u)- /h(u)/
Adjective → adverb = j(u)- /y(u)/
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) =
Prefix k(u)- /k(u)/
One who is [verb]ed (e.g. employ → employee) =
Prefix q(a)- /q(a)/
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = o- /oː/   Tending to = Prefix wï- /wiː/
Diminutive = Prefix ü- /uː/
Augmentative = Prefix yü- /juː/
Opposite/Negation = Prefix tü(t)- /tuː(t)/

Writing System

The written script for Common Duovaren is intentionally simplified from its original gran'Duovaren form. Vowels are represented by vertical lines or vertical rectangles, while consonants are horizontal or diagonal lines/rectangles/parallelograms. Engraving, carving, and fine chiselwork usually uses the line forme, while ink printing, stamping, embossing, and painting usually use the block forme. (Line forme is always assumed to be made using a flat-edged tool like a chisel, and "fonts" take that into account.)   Characters are written together to build syllables or even word-glyphs. Numbers are pips, and punctuation is absolutely minimal or entirely absent. The most critical accuracy in written Duofar is where the vowel-shapes join to the consonant-shapes, as which consonant is which is usually determined by whether it joins at the top, middle, or bottom of the vertical vowel.   It may help new learners to visualize Duofar as written along four invisible lines (like train tracks or music staffs) per line of characters, or two blocks (where the four lines correspond to the tops and bottoms of each block). Vowels are only one block wide, while all consonants are at least two blocks wide, helping distinguish between similar vowel-consonant combinations when a horizontal line or block is 3+ spaces wide.   The biggest struggle in restoring damaged written pieces is when perspective is lost in where the consonant joins to the vowel.   Common Duovaren can be written left-to-right or right-to-left, so the character for u: is used as an orientation, since it consists of three lines (or two joined squares), creating a Z-like shape with its top farther left and its bottom farther right. While words almost always keep all their internal syllable-formes on the same line, Duovaren is known for its vertical use (written top-to-bottom or bottom-to-top with equal frequency) in architecture and larger-than-life artwork.   it
could
read
like
this   this
like
read
or
 

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using a punnett square to try to describe in text what these letters look like, where A is top left, B is top right, C is bottom left, D is bottom right, and the lines are 1/2/3/4 top to bottom where all lines are always two spaces in width:  
  • dt = CD (square), 34 (parallel rectangle)
  • g(k/q) = AB (square), 12 (parallel rectangle)
  • bp = AB (diamond), 12 (triangle)
  • ðθ = CD (diamond), 34 (triangle)
  • w(h/ħ) = C-mid (square), 14 (triangle, 4 slopes up)
  • ɣx = A-mid (square), 14 (triangle, 1 slopes down)
  • zs = CB (diamond), 24 (triangle)
  • ʤʃ = AD (square), 12 (parallel diagonal down)
  • vf = AD (diamond), 13 (triangle)
  • jch = CB (square), 34 (parallel diagonal up)
  • rl = mid-mid (square), 23 (parallel rectangle)
  • mn = mid-mid (diamond), 23 (triangle)
  •   (triangles are made by sloping the outermost line towards the innermost line, while the innermost line remains straight, forming a right angle against the vertical vowel, except where noted)
     
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    Loading Common Duovaren Script Whiteboard...

    Phonology

    Consonant inventory: b d f h j k l m n q r s t w x z ð ħ ɣ ʃ ʔ ʤ θ   Vowel inventory: a e i iː oː u uː   Stress pattern: Ultimate — stress is on the last syllable  
  • i = i' (at the end of a word)
  • ʔ = ’
  • θ = th
  • j = y
  • ʤ = j
  • x = kh
  • ð = dh
  • ʃ = sh
  • ɣ = gh
  • ħ = xh
  • iː = ï
  • uː = ü
  • oː = o
  • u = u’ (at the end of a word OR before a vowel)
  • i = i’ (at the end of a word)
  • w = h (at the end of a word)
  • Morphology

    Make it a...
  • Verb = Prefix u(')- /u(ʔ)/
  • Noun = Prefix zï- /ziː/
  • Adjective or Adverb = Suffix -ath /aθ/
  • Negative = Prefix tü(t)- /tuː(t)/ OR Prefix yï- /jiː/
  • usually applied to verbs, but can be applied to nouns for an opposite/negated meaning
  • Plural = Suffix -ko /koː/
  • Possessive = Prefix nu(k)- (attached to owning noun)
  • ex. the dog's bone -> bone of-dog -> wus numitu'
  •  
  • One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix j(e)- /ʤ(e)/
  • One who is [verb]ed (e.g. employ → employee) = Prefix q(a)- /q(a)/
  • Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix o- /oː/
  • Syntax

    Main word order: Subject Verb (Prepositional Phrase) Object. “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened with a key the door.   Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned after the noun. Adverbs are positioned after the verb.   Question indicator: pre-verbal participle if no question word (who, what, why, where, how, when) is present
  • dï /diː/
  • ex. "The dog runs." = "Mitu' meb." vs. "Does the dog run?" = "Mitu' dï meb?" (lit. "Dog or runs.", read as "The dog runs, or...?")
  • Questions with "or" don't include multiple dï. Ex. "Does the dog run or walk?" = "Mitu' meb dï dhïk?"
  • Some speakers may place the participle at the end and turn it into a compound word of "dïne" (meaning "or what"). Dïne can be added to the end of a sentence that includes "or" for extra emphasis. Ex. "Mitu' meb dï dhïk dïne?" ("The dog runs or walks or what?")
  •   Verb Affixes   Past
  • Suffix -oː
  • daso /daˈsoː/ learned
  •   Present
  • No affix
  • das /das/ learn
  •   Future
  • Suffix -a
  • dasa /daˈsa/ will learn
  •   Progressive
  • Suffix -um
  • dasum /daˈsum/ be learning
  •   Perfect
  • Reduplicate first part of first syllable
  • dadas /daˈdas/ have learned
  •   Irregular verbs:
  • e (to say)
  • kuk (to be (permanent state))
  • mu’ (to be (temporary state))
  • can be translated as in "I am hungry," "I have hunger," and "I feel hungry" equally correctly
  • kï (to have)
  • bumï (to go)
  • ka (to take)
  • sït (to do)
  • yuf (to make)
  • Conjugation notes for new speakers:  
  • If a verb ends in a long vowel, a suffix beginning in a vowel (such as past tense -o) can be joined to the verb with 'h' or simply tacked on.
  • If a verb ends in a short vowel, a suffix beginning in a vowel (such as future tense -a) can be joined to the verb with ' to indicate a glottal stop.
  • If you mix those two up, people will probably still understand you.
  • If a standard verb begins with a vowel, the imperative form will always be joined to it with a ' to indicate a glottal stop.
  • K turns to Q in the middle of a conjugated verb, but if you forget, people will still understand you.
  • If you're unsure of which part of the verb to replicate for the past perfect conjugation, you can just repeat the entire verb twice and people will understand you.
  • If a verb has a long vowel, some speakers may shorten the vowel in the past perfect conjugation (ex. wiwïsa instead of wïwïsa). This is a bad habit; learn to hear it, but don't adopt it. Irregular conjugations are the only mispronunciations that you should accept as correct.
  • Some speakers may conjugate the present tense of a verb by adding a suffix of -be. As above, learn to hear it, but don't adopt it. (It's acceptable to use this as an occasional stylistic emphasis.)
  • Vocabulary

    Yes = mato /maˈtoː/   No = tüt /tuːt/   Pronouns   Singular
  • 1st person so /soː/ I, me, mine
  • 2nd person ma /ma/ you, yours
  • 3rd person mïk /miːk/ he, him, his, she, her, hers, they, them, theirs
  •   Plural
  • 1st person inclusive ha /ha/ we, us, ours (including addressee)
  • 1st person exclusive al /al/ we, us, ours (excluding addressee)
  • 2nd person qoy /qoːj/ you all, yours (pl)
  • 3rd person rï /riː/ they, them, theirs
  •   Common Duovaren has a base-20 number system:  
  • 1 - tïm
  • 2 - mih
  • 3 - mïh
  • 4 - hik
  • 5 - ba
  • 6 - bob
  • 7 - ïyad
  • 8 - ku’
  • 9 - yeke
  • 10 - wayï
  • 11 - lüh
  • 12 - mom
  • 13 - kuh
  • 14 - yemar
  • 15 - yif
  • 16 - ni’
  • 17 - ya
  • 18 - ja
  • 19 - mï
  • 20 - wa
  • 400 (hundred) - yïmïnï
  • 8000 (thousand) - yü
  • Phonetics

  • th (θ) = thing, thatch
  • j (ʤ) = joy, age
  • dh (ð) = this, that
  • sh (ʃ) = sure, shore
  • kh (x) = nacht ('night' in German)
  • gh (ɣ) =
  • xh (ħ) =
  •  
  • ï = keep, see
  • ü = loot, moon
  • o = loan, goat
  • u or u’ = cut, letter
  • i or i’ = lit, hill
  • e = get, fetch
  • a = father, palm
  • Dictionary

    3036 Words.
    Spoken by
    Common Phrases

    Yetu’!
    Hello!
    Tïh kï ma?
    How are you?
    So kuk mequ’at.
    I am well.
    Ma sït ne?
    What are you doing?
    Zïkïlu’ na zïxhit.
    Please and thank you.
    (lit. "pleasure and gratitude")


    Cover image: by Ty Barbary via Midjourney

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