Naric
Naric is a language descended from Old Kharadim that is currently spoken in Aerisca Borealis by the Nar people.
Writing System
See Naric Alphabet for more information.
Phonology
Consonant inventory: /b d f g h j k l m n q r s sˤ t tˤ w z ħ ʃ ʔ ʕ/
Vowel inventory: /a aː eː i iː oː u uː/
Syllable structure: (C)(C)V(C)
Stress pattern: Ultimate — stress is on the last syllable
Orthography:
Vowel inventory: /a aː eː i iː oː u uː/
Syllable structure: (C)(C)V(C)
Stress pattern: Ultimate — stress is on the last syllable
Orthography:
| Pronunciation | Spelling |
|---|---|
| ʔ | ’ |
| ħ | ch |
| tˤ | th |
| j | y |
| ʕ | ʻ |
| ʃ | sh |
| sˤ | ts |
| a: | ā |
| e: | ē |
| i: | ī |
| o: | ō |
| u: | ū |
Morphology
Inflectional morphology
Nouns
Masculine| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute | No affix gab /gab/ man | Suffix -eːm gabēm /gaˈbeːm/ (those two) men | Suffix -iːm gabīm /gaˈbiːm/ men |
| Construct | No affix gab /gab/ (someone's/something's) man | Suffix -eː gabē /gaˈbeː/ (someone's/something's two) men | Suffix -eː gabē /gaˈbeː/ (someone's/something's) men |
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Absolute | Suffix -at ’inaat /ʔinaˈat/ woman | Suffix -teːm ’inatēm /ʔinaˈteːm/ (those two) women | Suffix -uːt ’inaūt /ʔinaˈuːt/ women |
| Construct | Suffix -ot ’inaot /ʔinaˈot/ (someone's/something's) woman | Suffix -teːn ’inatēn /ʔinaˈteːn/ (someone's/something's two) women | Suffix -uːt ’inaūt /ʔinaˈuːt/ (someone's/something's) women |
Articles
| Definite | Indefinite |
|---|---|
| Prefix a- akal /aˈkal/ The dog | Suffix -n kaln /kaln/ A dog |
Pronouns
Personal| 1st | 2nd masculine | 2nd feminine | 3rd masculine | 3rd feminine | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | ’anāki /ʔanaːˈki/ I/me | ’at /ʔat/ You (masc.) | ’ati /ʔaˈti/ You (fem.) | hū /huː/ He/him | hī /hiː/ She/her |
| Dual | ’an /ʔan/ We two | ’atumā /ʔatuˈmaː/ Ye two (masc.) | ’atimā /ʔatiˈmaː/ Ye two (fem.) | himāt /hiˈmaːt/ These/those two (masc.) | hīn /hiːn/ These/those two (fem.) |
| Plural | ’anu /ʔaˈnu/ We/us | ’aton /ʔaˈton/ You (masc.) | ’atin /ʔaˈtin/ You (fem.) | himūt /hiˈmuːt/ They/them | hīn /hiːn/ They/them (fem.) |
| 1st | 2nd masculine | 2nd feminine | 3rd masculine | 3rd feminine | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Suffix -iː kalī /kaˈliː/ My dog | Suffix -ka kalka /kalˈka/ Your dog | Suffix -kiː kalkī /kalˈkiː/ Your dog | Suffix -eːyuː kalēyū /kaˌleːyˈuː/ His dog | Suffix -eːya kalēya /kaˌleːyˈa/ Her dog |
| Dual | Suffix -an kalan /kaˈlan/ | Suffix -kima kalkima /kalkiˈma/ | Suffix -iːm kalīm /kaˈliːm/ | Suffix -huːn kalhūn /kalˈhuːn/ | Suffix -hiːn kalhīn /kalˈhiːn/ |
| Plural | Suffix -oːn kalōn /kaˈloːn/ Our dog | Suffix -kiːm kalkīm /kalˈkiːm/ Your dog | Suffix -kan kalkan /kalˈkan/ Your dog | Suffix -noːm kalnōm /kalˈnoːm/ Their dog | Suffix -neːm kalnēm /kalˈneːm/ Their dog |
Demonstrative Pronouns
Masculine| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| Proximal | zi /zi/ this (m) | hele /heˈle/ these (m) |
| Distal | halu /haˈlu/ that (m) | halām /haˈlaːm/ those (m) |
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| Proximal | zō /zoː/ this (f) | helu /heˈlu/ these (f) |
| Distal | hala /haˈla/ that (f) | hilen /hiˈlen/ those (f) |
Verbs
Singular| Perfect | Imperfect | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | Suffix -iː qatalī /qataˈliː/ I have killed | Prefix ʔi- ’iqatal /ʔiqaˈtal/ I am killing |
| 2nd masculine | Suffix -aːl qatalāl /qataˈlaːl/ You (m.) have killed | Prefix ti- tiqatal /tiqaˈtal/ You (m.) are killing |
| 2nd feminine | Suffix -iːl qatalīl /qataˈliːl/ You (f.) have killed | Prefix ti-, Suffix -iː tiqatalī /tiˌqataˈliː/ You (f.) are killing |
| 3rd masculine | Suffix -oːl qatalōl /qataˈloːl/ He has killed | Prefix yi- yiqatal /yˌiqaˈtal/ He is killing |
| 3rd feminine | Suffix -ʔoːl qatal’ōl /qatalˈʔoːl/ She has killed | Prefix ti- tiqatal /tiqaˈtal/ She is killing |
| Perfect | Imperfect | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | No affix qatal /qaˈtal/ | No affix qatal /qaˈtal/ |
| 2nd masculine | Suffix -umuː qatalumū /qaˌtaluˈmuː/ You two (m.) have killed | Prefix ti-, Suffix -aːni tiqatalāni /tiqaˌtalaːˈni/ You two (m.) are killing |
| 2nd feminine | Suffix -umaː qatalumā /qaˌtaluˈmaː/ You two (f.) have killed | Prefix ti- tiqatal /tiqaˈtal/ You two (f.) are killing |
| 3rd masculine | Suffix -aː qatalā /qataˈlaː/ These two (m.) have killed | Prefix yi-, Suffix -aːni yiqatalāni /yˌiqaˌtalaːˈni/ Those two (m.) are killing |
| 3rd feminine | Suffix -ataː qatalatā /qaˌtalaˈtaː/ Those two (f.) have killed | Prefix ti-, Suffix -uːni tiqatalūni /tiqaˌtaluːˈni/ Those two (f.) are killing |
| Perfect | Imperfect | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | Suffix -nuːl qatalnūl /qatalˈnuːl/ We have killed | Prefix ni- niqatal /niqaˈtal/ We are killing |
| 2nd masculine | Suffix -um qatalum /qataˈlum/ You all (m.) have killed | No affix qatal /qaˈtal/ You all (m.) are killing |
| 2nd feminine | Suffix -un qatalun /qataˈlun/ You all (f.) have killed | Prefix ti-, Suffix -na tiqatalna /tiˌqatalˈna/ You all (f.) are killing |
| 3rd masculine | Suffix -ʔuːl qatal’ūl /qatalˈʔuːl/ They (m.) have killed | Prefix yi-, Suffix -uːl yiqatalūl /yiˌqataˈluːl/ They (m.) are killing |
| 3rd feminine | Suffix -nal qatalnal /qatalˈnal/ They (f.) have killed | Prefix yi-, Suffix -aːl yiqatalāl /yiˌqataˈlaːl/ They (m.) are killing |
Naric uses two standalone particle words for negation:
| Negation 1 | Particle before the verb: bal - bal qatal /bal qaˈtal/ we two haven't killed |
| Negation 2 | Particle before the verb: ʔiːl - ’īl qatal /ʔiːl qaˈtal/ we two have never killed |
Derivational morphology
Syntax
Main word order: Verb Subject Object (Prepositional phrase). "Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Opened Mary the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions
Vocabulary
Numbers
Naric has a base-10 number system:1 - wach
2 - shan
3 - shala
4 - ’arba
5 - chama
6 - shisht
7 - shabʻ
8 - shamān
9 - tishʻ
10 - ʻasharat
11 - wach wa ʻasharat “one and ten”
100 - mi’at “hundred”
101 - mi’at wa wach “hundred and one”
200 - shan mi’at
1000 - ’alp “thousand”
Phonetics
Consonants
Co-articulated phonemes
Vowels
| ↓Manner/Place→ | Bilabial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | |||||||
| Stop | b | t tˤ d | k g | q | ʔ | ||||
| Fricative | f | s sˤ z | ʃ | ħ ʕ | h | ||||
| Approximant | j | ||||||||
| Trill | r | ||||||||
| Lateral approximant | l |
| ↓Manner/Place→ | Labial-velar |
|---|---|
| Approximant | w |
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | i iː | u uː |
| High-mid | eː | oː |
| Low | a aː |
Tenses
The Naric language does not mark its verbs for tense, only aspect. Naric language and culture does not conceptualize actions as occuring in an imagined past, present, or future; actions are merely complete (perfect) or in process (imperfect). When a speaker of Naric needs to specify exactly when an action occurs, they will use adverbs of time, such as 'ayōm' (today) or 'ba'yōm (tomorrow)
Dictionary
Natively known as: Dāwārīm Narīm /daːwaːˈriːm naˈriːm/
...and Elissa stood holding her spear and threw it at the large orc...u ʻamidi’ōl Elisha chōziq rumachēya u ramā’ōl ōto laruq rabbu
Pronunciation: /u ʕamidiˈʔoːl eliˈʃa ħo:ˈziq rumaħe:ˈja u rama:ˈʔoːl o:to laˈruq rabˈbu /
Naric word order: and stood Elissa holding spear-her and threw it to-the-orc large
Root Languages
Spoken by
Common Phrases
