Ãkthun (/'aʊ̯kθun/)

Natively known as: ãkthun /ˈaʊ̯kthun/

  ...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
ghûbv meî̯ rik mech keî̯m si meî̯ ghûbv yûθ źî tuń si meî̯ hâbv wip
Pronunciation: /ɣəβ meɪ̯ rik mɛʧ keɪ̯m si meɪ̯ ɣəβ jəθ ʒɪ tuŋ si meɪ̯ hæβ wip/
Ãkthish word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind  

Spelling & Phonology

  Consonant inventory: b g h j k l m n p r s t v w ð ŋ ɣ ɸ ʃ ʒ ʤ ʧ β θ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m			n			ŋ
Stop	p b			t			k g
Affricate					ʧ ʤ
Fricative	ɸ β	v	θ ð	s	ʃ ʒ		ɣ	h
Approximant						j
Trill				r
Lateral approximant				l

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: aɪ̯ aʊ̯ eɪ̯ i oʊ̯ u æ ɑ ə ɛ ɪ   Diphthongs: aɪ̯ aʊ̯ eɪ̯ oʊ̯

	Front	Central	Back
High	i		u
Near-high	ɪ
Mid		ə
Low-mid	ɛ
Near-low	æ
Low			ɑ

Syllable structure: Custom defined
Stress pattern: Initial — stress is on the first syllable   Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
β	bv
ð	dth
j	y
ʤ	j
ɸ	f
ɣ	gh
ŋ	ń
ʃ	sh
ʒ	ź
ʧ	ch
ʘ	th
ə	û
æ	â
ɛ	e
ɪ	î
oʊ̯	o
aʊ̯	ã
aɪ̯	ai
eɪ̯	ei

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Grammar

  Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions  

Determiners

	Singular	Plural
Definite	nu /nu/ the	numa /ˈnuma/ the
Indefinite	ni /ni/ a	niya /ˈnija/ some

Pronouns

 

1st person	ûm /əm/ I,
2nd person	dthu /ðu/ you,
3rd person	meî̯ /meɪ̯/ he, she, his, hers, they, them, theirs

Noun number

 

Singular	No affix źeî̯ /ʒeɪ̯/ dog
Plural	Suffix -æs źeî̯âs /ˈʒeɪ̯æs/ dogs

Verb tense

Past	Suffix -æθ meshâθ /ˈmɛʃæθ/ learned
Present	No affix mesh /mɛʃ/ learn
Future	Prefix ka- kamesh /ˈkamɛʃ/ will learn

Numbers

  Ãkthish has a base-10 number system:   1 - kûbv
2 - ghɑ
3 - bvîbv
4 - hu
5 - θem
6 - hû
7 - mâńnâ
8 - źɑf
9 - yânnɑm
10 - bûb
11 - bûb ghûbv kûbv “ten and one”
100 - kûbv bvɑńã “one hundred”
101 - kûbv bvɑńã ghûbv kûbv “one hundred and one”
200 - ghɑ bvɑńã
1000 - kûbv she “one thousand”  

Derivational morphology

  Adjective → adverb = Suffix -ɪθ
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -æθ
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m
Else: Suffix -ɑm
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -ɪ
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -v
Else: Suffix -aʊ̯v
Noun to verb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -t
Else: Suffix -ut
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -ɑs
Tending to = If ends with vowel: Suffix -θ
Else: Suffix -oʊ̯θ
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -s
Else: Suffix -aɪ̯s
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -ə
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -toh
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -roʊ̯ʃ
Diminutive = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʤ
Else: Suffix -aʊ̯ʤ
Augmentative = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʃ
Else: Suffix -æʃ