Military action
"It was said that Gol D. Roger was acting less like a pirate and more like a man in love while on the island and the World Government searched the island for any signs of his child."
9 September 1513
The Battle of Flodden, a devastating defeat for Scotland, fought in northern England between the invading army of King James IV and English defenders under the Earl of Surrey. Despite a treaty of friendship and the fact that his wife was the sister of the English King Henry VIII, James renewed the 'Auld Alliance' in support of France when yet another Anglo-French war broke out. The Scots assembled one of the largest and best equipped armies they had hitherto put in the field, numbering at least 20,000 men, and invaded England where they used their artillery to reduce strongholds such as Norham and Ford castles. The Scottish army then positioned itself on high ground west of the River Till near Branxton on Flodden Hill as the English army under the Earl of Surrey approached. The latter force was numerically inferior but better led and was able to outflank the Scots while subjecting them to more accurate artillery fire that the Scots were unable to return. James abandoned his position for a full-scale attack, which became bogged down in the mud and subject to superior infantry fighting tactics where the shorter English bill prevailed over the longer Scottish pike. James IV and the flower of Scottish manhood, numbering somewhere between 5,000 and 10,000 (the English figure) and including at least ten earls, were slaughtered. Fortunately for Scotland, English losses were severe as well, perhaps 2,000 men, and they were unable to exploit their victory.