|| Den Lille Pige med Svovlstikkerne Fairy-Tale

Overview

Den Lille Pige med Svovlstikkerne ("The Little Match Girl") is a short fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen, first published in 1845. The story takes place on New Year's Eve in an unnamed European city, focusing on a poor, barefoot girl trying to sell matches in the freezing cold. She has lost her slippers, is physically deteriorating from exposure, and fears returning home due to her abusive father and the lack of warmth in their shelter.   She lights matches to warm herself, and each flame triggers vivid hallucinations of warmth, food, and comfort—a stove, a roast goose, a Christmas tree—culminating in a vision of her deceased grandmother, the only person who ever showed her love. In an act of desperation, she ignites all the remaining matches to prolong the vision. In the final hallucination, her grandmother carries her away into light and peace, symbolizing death.   The next morning, the girl's corpse is found frozen in a corner with a smile on her face and burnt-out matches in her hand. Bystanders assume she died attempting to warm herself, unaware of her visions. The story presents a stark portrayal of poverty, child neglect, and death, using a fantasy framework to contrast internal hope with external indifference. It remains one of Andersen’s most direct social commentaries.

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Real Life Details

Title: Den Lille Pige med Svovlstikkerne (The Little Match Girl)
  First publication: 18 December 1845, Dansk Folkekalender for 1846 (Danish Popular Calendar for 1846).
  Language: Danish
  First English translation: 1852, translated by H. W. Dulcken in Hans Andersen’s Stories for the Household.
  Commonly republished by:
Gyldendal (Denmark)
George Routledge & Sons, Frederick Warne & Co. (UK)
Dover, Puffin Classics, Penguin, Everyman’s Library (modern English compilations)

Marginalia

Abstracted Themes

Core Themes

Recurring Motifs

Singular Triggers

 

Thematic Synthesis

 

Narrative Adaptation

Character Analogues

 

Setting Analogues

 

Industrial, Historical, & Political Context Reapplied

 

Mechanics & World-Building Decisions

 

Reflections, Constraints, & Divergences


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