Sùndavar (θuːndeːˈvar)

Natively known as: ſûndeivar /θuːndeːˈvar/

  ...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
y brò da wula ida bril y tyg ida aeam zal
Pronunciation: /y brɔ̌ da wuˈla iˈda bril y ty̌g iˈda aeˈam zal/
Sûndavar word order: and stood he holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind  

Spelling & Phonology

  Consonant inventory: b c d f g h j k l lː m n p q r s t v w x z ð ŋ ɱ ʃ ʎ ʎː ʔ θ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal	m	ɱ		n			ŋ
Stop	p b			t d		c	k g	q	ʔ
Fricative		f v	θ ð	s z	ʃ		x		h
Approximant						j
Trill				r
Lateral approximant				l lː		ʎ ʎː

Co-articulated phonemes

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a ǎ e eː ě i iː î ǐ o u ǔ y æ ɔ ɛ ɛː ɛˑ ɛ˥   Tones: ̌

	Front	Back
High	i iː î ǐ y	u ǔ
High-mid	e eː ě	o
Low-mid	ɛ ɛː ɛˑ ɛ˥	ɔ
Near-low	æ
Low	a ǎ

Syllable structure: Custom defined
Stress pattern: Ultimate — stress is on the last syllable   Sound changes (in order of application):  

• a → eː / d_v
• e → ɛ / _#

  Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
̌
k	q
ð	zh
ɛː	ê
ɛˑ	è'
ɛ	è
iː	ih
iˑ	î
ɔː	ô
ɔ	ò
uː	û
θ	ſ
eː	ei
j:	ĵ
alː	al'
lː	ll
ʃ	sh
ʔ	h''
ŋ	ñ
ʎː	ille
ʎ	ile

---

Grammar

  Main word order: Verb Subject Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Opened Mary the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions   Pronouns

1st person	me /mɛ/ I, me, mine, we, us, ours
2nd person	ye /yˈɛ/ you, yours, you all, yours (pl)

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Animate	Inanimate	Magic
3rd person	da /da/ he, him, his, they, them, theirs	we /wɛ/ she, her, hers, they, them, theirs	zile /zʎ/ it, its, they, them, theirs	qè /kɛ/	fè /fɛ/	lè /lɛ/

Plural	Prefix a- ayè /ayˈɛ/ we, you (pl), they
Dual	Prefix ɛŋ- èñyè /ɛŋyˈɛ/
Trial	Prefix pɔ- pòyè /pɔyˈɛ/

Nominative	No affix wè /wɛ/ I, you, he, she, it, we, you all, they
Accusative	Suffix -i wèi /wɛˈi/ me, you, him, her, it, us, you all, them
Genitive	Change all to r / C_V# wrè /wrɛ/ mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
Dative	Change all to el / C_V# welè /weˈlɛ/ me, you, him, her, it, us, you all, them
Locative	Prefix il- ilwè /iˈlwɛ/
Ablative	Prefix vor- vorwè /voˈrwɛ/ me, you, him, her, it, us, you all, them
Instrumental	Prefix le- lewè /leˈwɛ/

 

Inclusive

 

	Plural	Dual	Trial
1st person	No affix mè /mɛ/ we (including you), us (including you), ours (including you)	No affix mè /mɛ/	No affix mè /mɛ/

Exclusive

	Plural	Dual	Trial
1st person	Prefix u- umè /uˈmɛ/ we (excluding you), us (excluding you), ours (excluding you)	Prefix u- umè /uˈmɛ/	Prefix u- umè /uˈmɛ/

Determiners

1st person	ime /iˈmɛ/ my
2nd person	iye /iyˈɛ/ your

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Animate	Inanimate	Magic
3rd person	ida /iˈda/ his	iwe /iˈwɛ/ hers	izile /izʎ/ its	iqè /iˈkɛ/	ifè /iˈfɛ/	ilè /iˈlɛ/

Plural	Prefix ia- iaiyè /iaˌiyˈɛ/ we, you (pl), they
Dual	Prefix iɛŋ- ièñiyè /iɛˌŋiyˈɛ/
Trial	Prefix ipɔ- ipòiyè /ipɔˌiyˈɛ/

Nominative	No affix iwè /iˈwɛ/ I, you, he, she, it, we, you all, they
Accusative	Suffix -i iwèi /iwɛˈi/ me, you, him, her, it, us, you all, them
Genitive	Change all to r / C_V# iwrè /iˈwrɛ/ mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
Dative	Change all to el / C_V# iwelè /iweˈlɛ/ me, you, him, her, it, us, you all, them
Locative	Prefix il- iliwè /iliˈwɛ/
Ablative	Prefix vor- voriwè /voriˈwɛ/ me, you, him, her, it, us, you all, them
Instrumental	Prefix le- leiwè /leiˈwɛ/

  Verb tense

Remote past	Particle before the verb: udella - udella ida /udeˈlla iˈda/ learned (long ago)
Past	Particle before the verb: della - della ida /deˈlla iˈda/ learned
Present	Particle before the verb: illa - illa ida /iˈlla iˈda/ learn
Future	Particle before the verb: seilla - seilla ida /seiˈlla iˈda/ will learn
Remote future	Particle before the verb: iseilla - iseilla ida /iˌseiˈlla iˈda/ will learn (long way away)

Verb mood

Indicative	No affix ida /iˈda/ learn
Conditional	Particle before the verb: xe - xe ida /xɛ iˈda/ would learn
Subjunctive	Particle before the verb: jen - jen ida /jen iˈda/ learn
Imperative	Suffix -! ida! /iˈda!/ learn! (command)

Eventyally, you can express ownership by puting the 3rd person neuter after a noun, as follow: Tinuvaire's candy -> yuyu Tinuvaire-zʎ. This rule tend to be more oral than verbal. You also can chain this hint of owner ship. eg: Tinuvaire's daughter house -> asa erwɛn-zʎ Tinuvaire-zʎ. (You can skip the last hint, but it is considered less sophisticated)
If you want to resolve ambiguity in a sentance, eg: "Tinuvaire talked to Celeste. She was a bit concerned." translated to: "della tehila Tinuvaire u Celeste. we della orna'le.", you can flag the pronoun with zero, separated by a brief break ( ' ) if the subjet is the previsou sentence's subject, one if the first matchable occurence of the pronoun is the object, two if it's the second occurence. Note: only the first two letter of a number can be written as a flag. eg (If tinuvaire is concerned): "della tehila Tinuvaire u Celeste. we'ro della orna'le."
A sundavar speaker can tolerate that a child speak "yullun". It is a peculiar form where the speaker take the first syllabe and the last syllabe of a word, and add the DIM.AFFECTIVE prefix to it. That form aim to facilite pronounciation for younger user.
Adjectives
Adjectives are separated in three category: Visual, Figurative and Origin-related. Each category is separated in several other:

• Visual: Opinion-related, Fact-related.
• Figurative: Behavioural, Mental
• Origin-related: Social, Locative, Ethnics.

  Adjectives are ordered as follow:   And more precisely:   Eg: Mozh uſlih rym en ohtain othrim ohtainn [object]  

Numbers

  Sûndavar has a base-10 number system:   1 - za
2 - jo
3 - ileo
4 - dieh
5 - va
6 - niel
7 - to
8 - vo
9 - ca
10 - qæ
Hundred - zei
Thousand - li  

Derivational morphology

  Adjective → adverb = Suffix -arh
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -m
Else: Suffix -im
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n
Else: Suffix -ɛˑn
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -rim
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -r
Else: Suffix -ɛˑr
Noun to verb = Suffix -na
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -rid
Tending to = Suffix -ith
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ra
Else: Suffix -a
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -nor
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -re
Else: Suffix -ore
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -th
Else: Suffix -ɔth
Diminutive = Suffix -i
Augmentative = Suffix -o
Opposite = Prefix ni-
Dim affective = If ends with vowel: Prefix y-
Else: Prefix yu-
Abs aug = Suffix -olrin
Abs dim = Particle after the undefined: - ilgorn