Painted Limn
Tartarosomnium giganteum is a large sized tropical pack predator.
The amphibian hunts in pack of three individuals, two males and a female; they will surround the prey and reflect the sun's light with their scales to blind the fleeing victim.
They are known to be dangerous to man, with many attacks on divers happening each year, some of them ending in their death.
When, threatened, this animal will flash its colors brighter creating a colorful pattern that scares away aggressors.
The complex social interactions of these animals make them efficient pack hunter, being able to coordinate themselves to better take down prey even twice their size.
They are known to hunt bigger animals during the mating season to use as breeding grounds for the eggs.
Basic Information
Anatomy
- Head short and high, with pronounced maxillar gap.
- Jaw strong with a dentary gap of unknown origin.
- Underdeveloped Lanial apparatus.
- Armor thick and fused.
- Natal aculeus retained to adulthood.
- Second aculeus growing at the base of the Dorsal fin.
- Body high and laterally compressed.
- Pectoral fins elongated with sharp ends; spear shaped.
- Anal I and II underdeveloped.
- Dorsal fin growing at the base of the Gill tail.
- Caudal fins circular and underdeveloped.
- Gill tail reduced; Gill fan high ridged with steep caudal drop.
Genetics and Reproduction
Polyandrous species.
The species mates in mid-autumn.
Mating happens in shallow waters near islands or in deeper waters near rocky surfaces.
The two males of the pack will take turns mating with the female; each fertilizing half of the egg sacs.
After mating, the males of the pack will depart their separate ways to scout for prey; once one of the males picks up a track from an amphibian big enough for them, it will emit a powerful pheromone signal, acting much like a flare to the other two members.
Once the pack is back together they will start tracking the animal, the female coordinates the pack's movements.
These animals can stalk their prey for days before making a move.
Once the hunt starts, the female will instruct the males on where and how to strike; their final objective being the female attacking the Gill fan, while the males distract the victim; the female will suffocate the amphibian by tearing apart flesh and bone, destroying the respiratory ducts and filters.
Once their victim has died of asfixiation or bled out, the pack will start eating their way under the animal's skin, creating characteristic marks on its body; these marks are nesting sites for their eggs.
The female will lay her eggs on the animal's body and the males will push the eggs deep inside its flesh by pressing on them with their prehensile parapenis.
This will ensure the eggs are kept safe from predators and that the alevins will have food at birth.
The pack will abandon the eggs after spraying the carcass with their pheromones, keeping scavengers at bay, at least for a while.
The eggs hatch two weeks later and the underdeveloped alevins will eat their way out of what remains of the carcass.
Given their size at birth, even if there are only a few chunks of meat remaining on the carcass, it will be enough to feed them and get them started.
Growth Rate & Stages
The alevins will leave the first few years of their life as bottom feeding amphibians, eating invertebrates and smaller vertebrates.
Ontogenesis very marked in the species; spawns will have barely any fins, the body being eel-like.
The head armor at birth is segmented, with the plates fusing during growth.
Hatchlings will have a Segmented dorsal armor, which will slowly get reabsorbed with age; the Natal aculeus remains to adulthood in the species and will grow alongside the animal; one of the last dorsal plates will mutate in an aculeus with age.
Ecology and Habitats
Epipelagic animal found between 10 and 200 m deep.
They prefer warmer waters with plenty of space to hunt and swim about; these animals are exceptional swimmers, moving along vast stretches of ocean every year.
Dietary Needs and Habits
Predatory species feeding off of many big sized tropical amphibians; rarely seen supplementing their diet with plant matter.
Biological Cycle
Sexual maturity at seven years of age; alevins will live the first years of their life as bottom feeding amphibians.
Sexual sterility at seventeen years old; elderly specimens will leave the pack and wander alone.
Periannial species with no major changes in activity during the year.
Additional Information
Social Structure
Pack species.
They live in small packs of three; one female and two males.
They don't tolerate other packs in their territories.
Pretty complex social interactions and communicative skills.
Geographic Origin and Distribution
Perception and Sensory Capabilities
Exceptional eyesight and smell.
Symbiotic and Parasitic organisms
Affected by Intestinal Tube Worms and intraocular parasites.
In a commensalistic relationship with many smaller amphibian species.
Scientific Name
Eoichthyia; Tartarosomnia ; Tartarosomnium; T. giganteum
Lifespan
20 years
Conservation Status
VULNERABLE: no measures underway to protect the species.
Population trend: UNKNOWN
Average Weight
70 to 500 kg
Body Tint, Colouring and Marking
Blue, yellow and white body; colors alternate themselves in a horizontal pattern along the body.
Black spot on the center of the Gill fan.
Blue upper cranial armor with lighter azure-grey tint on the lower section.
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