Patado (paˈtado)

language of the veinhouses

Natively known as: patado /paˈtado/

  ...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
ha pu dugena ngipezu la fapu ha uvo la kheha labebu wape no
Pronunciation: /ha pu duˈgena ŋiˈpezu la ˈfapu ha ˈuvo la ˈxeha laˈbebu ˈwape no/
Patadoian word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face the wind to  

Spelling & Phonology

  Consonant inventory: b d g h k m n p c s z t w x ħ ŋ ɣ ɸ ʜ ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʕ   Co-articulated phonemes  

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

  Vowel inventory: a e i o u  

	Front	Back
High	i	u
High-mid	e	o
Low	a

  Syllable structure: (C)V ?
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable ?   Spelling rules:  

Pronunciation	Spelling
ŋ	ng
ɸ	ph
ħ	h̨
x	kh
ɣ	gh
ʕ	r

 

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Grammar

  Main word order: Subject Object (Prepositional phrase) Verb. “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary the door with a key opened.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned after the noun.
Adposition: postpositions

Nouns

 

Singular	No affix awa /ˈawa/ dog
Plural	-ŋa awana /ˈawaŋa/ dogs

 

Articles

 

	Definite	Indefinite
Singular	he /he/ the	ha /ha/ a
Plural	ngi /ŋi/ the	da /da/ some

  Uses of definite article that differ from English:

• Used for languages: ‘The English’
• Used with place names: ‘The London’

 

Pronouns

 

1st singular	do /do/ I, me, mine
2nd singular	ke /ke/ you, yours
3rd singular animate	pu /pu/ he, him, his, it (animate), its (animate)
3rd singular inanimate	pa /pa/ she, her, hers, it (inanimate), its (inanimate)
1st plural	wi /wi/ we, us, ours
2nd plural	hi /hi/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd plural	de /de/ they, them, theirs

 

Possessive determiners

 

	Possessive
1st singular	h̨i /ħi/ my
2nd singular	ko /ko/ your
3rd singular animate	la /la/ his
3rd singular inanimate	no /no/ her
1st plural	ti /ti/ our
2nd plural	re /ʕe/ your (pl)
3rd plural	do /do/ their

 

Verbs

 

Present	No affix rafeba /ʕaˈfeba/ learn
Past	Suffix -ħu rafebah̨u /ˌʕafeˈbaħu/ learned

  Patadoian uses a standalone particle word for future tense:

Future

Particle before the verb: da - da rafeba /da ʕaˈfeba/ will learn

     

Numbers

  Patadoian has a base-10 number system:   1 - h̨i
2 - hi
3 - me
4 - vi
5 - mo
6 - i
7 - la
8 - dine
9 - lu
10 - fi
100 - tungi
1000 - noli
 

Derivational morphology

  Adjective → adverb = Suffix -ba
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -ve
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -ʕo
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -di
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Suffix -ɣo
Noun to verb = Suffix -ŋo
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -xi
Tending to = Suffix -no
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -fa
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -ɣa
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -ŋo
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -ho
Diminutive = Suffix -ba
Augmentative = Suffix -ɸi