Aiterean

The Common Tongue of Southern Lethea

Brelish oath.webp
We, the sons and daughters of the holy lake, accept the will of the Emperor of the North.
Cuairin, tel voiti u seiti al lāh ap, vliq hleiciq ue.
/ɕuɑ̯ˈirin tel voi̯ˈti u sei̯ˈti ɑl lɑːx ɑp vliʔ hlei̯ˈɕiʔ ue̯/
— Brelish pledge of fealty to the Emperor Luhhenesil I of Pallernen
  Aiterean is the native tongue of the Brelish and commonly used as both a liturgical language for followers of Aprēaq Hūril and a mercantile language among the merchants of Lethea. Commonly taught in various kiretiati throughout the land, Aiterean is one of the most widely spoken languages, despite its fairly small population of native speakers and relative uniqueness compared to the other languages that surround it.  

Origins

The Brelish are a people who stand apart from all their neighbours as their native tongue is a language isolate—having few to none similarities with the other languages of the world. Scholars suspect that the ancestors of the Brelish developed their language in relative isolation around lake Clēqhuap and the surrounding territories, remaining remarkably sedentary in their own homeland throughout the ages as little to no evidence of Aiterean's use predating its widespread adaptation after the spread of Hillenēq Hūril has been discovered.  
Map of the Brelish by Dhelian

Popularisation

Aiterean was the native language of Gilei Hillen, an Aprēan preacher and legendary leader who saved the world from a terrible aberati onslaught that threatened the survival of all of humanity. His and his companions sacrifice ensured mankinds victory and the belief of his ascension spread across the continent, leading to the rise of the Hillen's faith or Hillenēq Hūril. The use of Aiterean spread along with the new faith, first as a liturgical language, but over the centuries, as knowledge of the language improved, it had also found itself commonly used by merchants and diplomatic emmissaries throughout the continent, giving everyone a common language.
 

International Language

Iron complaint
Your iron is terrible for swords.
Vleinea īhai gev vlūn clui alaeti.
/vlei̯ˈneɑ̯ iːˈxɑi̯ gev vluːn ɕlui̯ ɑˈlɑe̯ti/
— A complaint in Aiterean about the poor quality of a merchant's iron
  The popularisation of Aiterean has resulted in the development of brand new dialects as various peoples from across the world have adapted to the language to the sounds they’re more familiar with in their own languages. Such new dialects feature words foreign to the Brelish themselves, as non-native speakers often add words from their own languages to supplement their existing vocabulary. While such changes have made allowed various groups feel more comfortable with Aiterean, they have inadvertently hindered their ability to communicate efficiently with other foreigners who are unfamiliar with their specific unique dialects.  

Accent and Status

Even when non-native speakers of Aiterean avoid their native loanwords, choosing to speak a purer form of the language, their accents can still result in issues with miscommunication, depending on how foreign the other person's pronunciation sounds to them. Those who speak with an accent more similar to that of the Brelish are viewed as more sophisticated, educated and higher class, although not everyone is familiar with how the language is actually supposed to sounds and so some have tried putting on posh accents to give others a perception that they are better than they are in reality.

Difficult Pronunciation

Many of those who have learned the language have complained about various sounds or the combination of certain sounds that they've difficult. A common complaint is the glottal stop /ʔ/ or the trilled R sound /r/, but even the Brelish have disagreements over the various features of their phonetic inventory as some of them prefer tapped trills /ɾ/ instead or replace the harsher H sounds /x/ with a gentler voiceless glottal fricative /h/. Certain consonant clusters are also a source of pain for new learners, such as the 'rl' at the beginning of some words or 'lr' at the end.
 

Plethora of Pronouns

Aiterean is a language that might lack grammatical gender for its words, but nevertheless, its pronouns are still gendered. While some languages are content with only having the third person pronouns express the individual’s gender, Aiterean also insists that people also refer to others in second person with a gendered pronoun.   To add to the list of pronouns to learn, the language also has two separate first person plural pronouns, one which can be used to include the person who's being talked to while the other can do the opposite and exclude them instead. It is a pronoun that comes up often when certain groups seek to set up a clear boundary between them and the person who they're talking to either when bullying or discriminating in other ways. There are many who find the existence of the exclusory pronoun baffling as Aiterean is the language of Aprēa, a woman who preached love and acceptance, but the language of course long predated the Lady of the Lake, giving the scholars of today a hint of the cruelty that may have prevailed before her ascension.

Dictionary

3079 Words.
Native name
Aqiqterai
Native pronounciation
/ɑʔ'iʔ.te'rɑi̯/

Alphabet
Aa Ee Bb Dd Gg Hh Ii Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Kk Qq Rr Ss Cc Tt Uu Vv
Phonotactics
(C)(C)V(C)(C)
Word order
Verb-Subject-Object
Adjective order
Adjectives are positioned before the noun
Stress
Second syllable (with some exceptions)
Adposition
Prepositions
Root Languages
Successor Languages
Spoken by
Aiterean Script by Dhelian

Numbers

Aiterean has a base-10 number system:
1 - mōq - /moːʔ/
2 - gē - /geː/
3 - hom - /xom/
4 - bik - /bik/
5 - ha - /xɑ/
6 - tveim - /tvei̯m/
7 - glo - /glo/
8 - musa - /muˈsɑ/
9 - na - /nɑ/
10 - dep - /dep/
100 - gloinau - /gloi̯ˈnɑu̯/
1000 - kve - /kve/
Brelish
Ethnicity | Dec 27, 2024

The Brelish, or Brels, are a human ethnic group native to the humid shores and arid heights of Tellaiti on the southwestern shores of the Empire of Pallernen.

Lady of the Lake
Myth | Aug 25, 2024

The Lady of the Lake is the tale that forms one of the core foundations of the most influential religion in the world, Aprēaq Hūril.


Phonetic Inventory


Vowels Front Back
High i u
High-mid e o
Low ɑ ɑː
Diphthongs ɑ e i o u
ɑ ɑe̯ ɑi̯ ɑu̯
e eɑ̯ ei̯ eu̯
i
o oi̯
u uɑ̯ ue̯ ui̯
Consonants Bilabial Labiodental Alveolar Alveolo-palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n
Stop p b t d k ɡ ʔ
Fricative v s ɕ x
Trill r
Lateral approximant l
 

Pronouns

NominativeAccusativeGenitive
1st singular /ɑː/ I rlā /rlɑː/ me rlai /rlɑi̯/ mine
2nd singular masculineha /xɑ/ you (masc) hōi /xoːˈi/ you (masc) hle /xle/ yours (masc)
2nd singular feminineva /vɑ/ you (fem) vāi /vɑːˈi/ you (fem) vle /vle/ yours (fem)
2nd singular neuterla /lɑ/ you (neut) lāi /lɑːˈi/ you (neut) le /le/ yours (neut)
3rd singular masculinehalq /xɑlʔ/ he, it (masc) hōil /xoːˈil/ his, it (masc) hlel /xlel/ his, its (masc)
3rd singular femininevalq /vɑlʔ/ she, it (fem) vāil /vɑːˈil/ her, it (fem) vlel /vlel/ hers, its (fem)
3rd singular neuterlalq /lɑlʔ/ it (neut) lāil /lɑːˈil/ it (neut) lel /lel/ its (neut)
1st plural inclusivecai /ɕɑi̯/ we (including you) ceqel /ɕeʔˈel/ us (including you) cailr /ɕɑi̯lr/ ours (including you)
1st plural exclusivetel /tel/ we (excluding you) teqel /teʔˈel/ us (excluding you) telr /telr/ ours (excluding you)
2nd pluralīha /iːˈxɑ/ you all īhla /iːˈxlɑ/ you all īhai /iːˈxɑi̯/ yours (pl)
3rd pluralhēl /xeːl/ they hēla /xeːlˈɑ/ them hēlai /xeːlˈɑi̯/ theirs
 

Verb Tenses

PerfectiveHabitualProgressivePerfect
PastSuffix -el
vairinel /vɑˈiriˌnel/ learned
Suffix -ɑ
vairina /vɑˈiriˌnɑ/ learned (often, habitually)
Suffix -ɑi̯l
vairinail /vɑˈiriˌnɑi̯l/ learning
Suffix -ɕ
vairinc /vɑˈirinɕ/ had learned
PresentSuffix -eɑ̯
vairinea /vɑˈiriˌneɑ̯/ learn
If ends with vowel: Suffix -xɑ
Else: Suffix -ɑxɑ
vairinaha /vɑˈiriˌnɑxɑ/ learn (often, habitually)
If ends with vowel: Suffix -ri
Else: Suffix -ɑi̯ri
vairinairi /vɑˈiriˌnɑi̯ri/ learning
Suffix -ui̯
vairinui /vɑˈiriˌnui̯/ have learned
FutureIf ends with vowel: Suffix -ʔi
Else: Suffix -iːʔi
vairinīqi /vɑˈiriˌniːʔi/ will learn
If ends with vowel: Suffix -ui̯n
Else: Suffix -n
vairinn /vɑˈirinn/ will learn (often, habitually)
Suffix -els
vairinels /vɑˈiriˌnels/ will be learning
Suffix -oːɕ
vairinōc /vɑˈiriˌnoːɕ/ will have learned
 

Noun Cases

SingularPlural
NominativeNo affix
doc /doɕ/ dog (doing the verb)
If ends with vowel: Suffix -ti
Else: Suffix -ɑti
docati /doˈɕɑti/ dogs (doing the verb)
AccusativeIf ends with vowel: Suffix -rɑ
Else: Suffix -oːrɑ
docōra /doˈɕoːrɑ/ (verb done to) the/a dog
If ends with vowel: Suffix -tirɑ
Else: Suffix -oːtirɑ
docōtira /doˈɕoːtiˌrɑ/ (verb done to) dogs
GenitiveIf ends with vowel: Suffix -ʔ
Else: Suffix -eːʔ
docēq /doˈɕeːʔ/ dogʼs
If ends with vowel: Suffix -tiʔ
Else: Suffix -ɑtiʔ
docatiq /doˈɕɑtiʔ/ dogsʼ

Verb Preffixes

IndicativeIf ends with vowel: Prefix eluːʔ-
Else: Prefix luːʔ-
lūqvairin /luːʔˈvɑiˌrin/ learn
ConditionalPrefix u-
uvairin /uˈvɑiˌrin/ learn
SubjunctivePrefix ɑp-
apvairin /ɑpˈvɑiˌrin/ learn
ImperativePrefix iʔ-
iqvairin /iʔˈvɑiˌrin/ learn
 
Passive If ends with vowel: Prefix ri-
Else: Prefix uːri-
ūrivairin /uːˈrivɑˌirin/ learn

Derivational Morphology

Adjective → adverb = Suffix -ei̯
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -peːx
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -u
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʔ
Else: Suffix -uʔ
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -mue̯
Else: Suffix -imue̯
Noun to verb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -x
Else: Suffix -ɑːx
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -kɑ
Else: Suffix -ue̯kɑ
Tending to = Suffix -oi̯xp
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Suffix -ɑx
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -oː
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -ɑi̯
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʔ
Else: Suffix -ei̯ʔ
Diminutive = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n
Else: Suffix -oːn
Augmentative = Suffix -u


Cover image: Aiterean Cover by Dhelian (script) and Midjourney (background image)

Comments

Author's Notes

This has been a language I've been working on for quite a while now so I'm glad I finally have an article. Figuring out how I wanted the script to look was quite a long process, but now I finally have something I am very happy with. While making this article I used Vulgarlang to generate the dictionary, but the grammar rules and stuff like that I mostly figured out on my own. The grammar and the vocabulary will probably get changed overtime as I learn more about linguistics and conlanging, but for now I'm content with the results. — Dhelian, 14.12.2024


Please Login in order to comment!
Dec 14, 2024 18:31

Sounds like a cool language

Dec 14, 2024 20:46 by Alikzander Wulfe

This is amazing and I love how you have this set up. Gorgeous script, gorgeous layout, amazing work.

Architect of Tanaria
"Every story is a thread, and together we weave worlds."
The Origin of Tanaria
Dec 16, 2024 14:27 by Dr Emily Vair-Turnbull

Oh the script is so beautiful, I love it. Laughed at the quote about the poor quality of the iron.   The idea that they have pronouns of exclusion is so uniquely fascinating.

Emy x
Explore Etrea | Summer Camp 2025
Jan 9, 2025 20:49 by Aldus Ken

You’ve been read! This article was featured in the weekly Aldus_Ken stream on Twitch. We read and build worlds together. ‌ Find the reading on Twitch‌! ^^   PS. This is amazing and I love the analytical approach! I tried reading some words out loud. Please forgive me if I didn't get much of it right. I'll make it up when I finished the Duolingo course ^^

Read more about the Alvunne Saga. ^^
Oh and I stream every Thursday on Twitch!
Jan 10, 2025 21:30 by Alan Byers

Tere Dhelian! I appreciated this article so much it appeared on my WorldEmber in review article!  

Let the New Year In: WorldAnvil 2025
Generic article | Jan 11, 2025

Explore Waking Materia and the myriad planes of the Eridún Crux Region.
"It's like reading TvTropes" -- Kroww
Summer Camp 2024 Greatest Hits | Spooktober 2024 Hub | WorldEmber 2024 Hub
Jan 10, 2025 21:49 by Jeffrey Lebowski

Wow! I remember how impressive it was to see the samples you shared in the Discord, it's so cool to see it fully fleshed out and described. Amazing work!

Jan 14, 2025 05:16 by Grey

I'd love to get better at making fictional languages! This is amazing! I especially love how unique and well thought-out the script is, it's super believable!

Jan 18, 2025 21:40

oh wow I had never thought about how the common tounge on my world might be affected by races needing words that aren't in the language. On a more broad note, I can tell you put in considerable time into grammer etc.

Feb 16, 2025 00:09

The script is looking great! Even though language articles can be difficult to make easy reads you managed to do that here. I think it is especially interesting how people use their own words and create accents for a language that is not their mothertongue.

Feel free to check my entries for the World Anvil Worldbuilidng Awards if you want to see what I am up to!  
Powered by World Anvil