Mgzapçaabhi

Natively known as: mgzapçaabh /ˈɱzapçaːβ/

  ...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
adwn jengbibh naaç lbagōgjadh njafbmgaabh ibabh adwn ōjfōzmçiç njafbmgaabh riçmfibh jabajl labh mchōdaabdaaç
Pronunciation: /adwn ˈʤeŋbiβ naːç ˈlbagoːgjað ˈnjafbɱaːβ ˈibaβ adwn ˈoːʤfoːzmçiç ˈnjafbɱaːβ ˈriçmfiβ ˈʤabaʤl laβ ˈmʧoːdaːbdaːç/
Mgzapçaabhi word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind  

Spelling & Phonology

  Consonant inventory: b d f g h j k l m n p r s t w x z ç ð ŋ ɱ ʤ ʧ β  

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Palato-alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Nasal	m	ɱ		n			ŋ
Stop	p b			d t			g k
Affricate					ʧ ʤ
Fricative	β	f	ð	s z		ç	x	h
Approximant						j
Trill				r
Lateral approximant				l

  Co-articulated phonemes  

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

  Vowel inventory: a aː e i oː uː  

	Front	Back
High	i	uː
High-mid	e	oː
Low	a aː

  Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: Initial — stress is on the first syllable ?   Spelling rules:  

Pronunciation	Spelling
aː	aa
oː	ō
uː	uu
β	bh
x	x
ʧ	ch
ʤ	j
ç	ç
ð	dh
ŋ	ng
ɱ	mg

 

---

Grammar

  Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions ?  

Noun affixes

 

Singular	Suffix -uːʧ ōkuuch /ˈoːkuːʧ/ dog
Plural	Suffix -eð ōkedh /ˈoːkeð/ dogs

 

Verb affixes

 

Remote past

 

	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
Progressive	Prefix fuː- fuulrigdej /ˈfuːlrigdeʤ/ be learneding (long ago)	Suffix -að lrigdejadh /ˈlrigdeʤað/ be learneding (long ago)	Prefix βa- bhalrigdej /ˈβalrigdeʤ/ be learneding (long ago)
Perfect	Prefix taː- taalrigdej /ˈtaːlrigdeʤ/ have learned (long ago)	Suffix -eβ lrigdejebh /ˈlrigdeʤeβ/ have learned (long ago)	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʧ Else: Suffix -e lrigdeje /ˈlrigdeʤe/ have learned (long ago)

Past

 

	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
Progressive	If ends with vowel: Suffix -x Else: Suffix -uː lrigdejuu /ˈlrigdeʤuː/ learning	Prefix βoː- bhōlrigdej /ˈβoːlrigdeʤ/ learning	Suffix -uːð lrigdejuudh /ˈlrigdeʤuːð/ learning
Perfect	Prefix soː- sōlrigdej /ˈsoːlrigdeʤ/ had learned	Suffix -aʤ lrigdejaj /ˈlrigdeʤaʤ/ had learned	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʤ Else: Suffix -i lrigdeji /ˈlrigdeʤi/ had learned

Present

 

	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
Progressive	Suffix -oːç lrigdejōç /ˈlrigdeʤoːç/ learning	Suffix -ix lrigdejix /ˈlrigdeʤix/ learning	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ð Else: Suffix -oː lrigdejō /ˈlrigdeʤoː/ learning
Perfect	Suffix -iβ lrigdejibh /ˈlrigdeʤiβ/ have learned	Prefix si- silrigdej /ˈsilrigdeʤ/ have learned	Prefix wi- wilrigdej /ˈwilrigdeʤ/ have learned

Future

 

	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
Progressive	Prefix saː- saalrigdej /ˈsaːlrigdeʤ/ will be learning	Prefix wuː- wuulrigdej /ˈwuːlrigdeʤ/ will be learning	Suffix -aːç lrigdejaaç /ˈlrigdeʤaːç/ will be learning
Perfect	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ð Else: Suffix -a lrigdeja /ˈlrigdeʤa/ will have learned	Suffix -uːʧ lrigdejuuch /ˈlrigdeʤuːʧ/ will have learned	If ends with vowel: Suffix -x Else: Suffix -i lrigdeji /ˈlrigdeʤi/ will have learned

Remote future

 

	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
Progressive	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ð Else: Suffix -e lrigdeje /ˈlrigdeʤe/ will be learning (long from now)	Suffix -oːð lrigdejōdh /ˈlrigdeʤoːð/ will be learning (long from now)	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ð Else: Suffix -aː lrigdejaa /ˈlrigdeʤaː/ will be learning (long from now)
Perfect	Suffix -aç lrigdejaç /ˈlrigdeʤaç/ will have learned (long from now)	If ends with vowel: Suffix -x Else: Suffix -e lrigdeje /ˈlrigdeʤe/ will have learned (long from now)	If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʧ Else: Suffix -oː lrigdejō /ˈlrigdeʤoː/ will have learned (long from now)

 

Possessive determiners

 

	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Possessive	sōnguugif /ˈsoːnguːgif/ my, our	lçebōçuuj /ˈlçeboːçuːʤ/ your, your (pl)	njafbmgaabh /ˈnjafbɱaːβ/ his, her, its, their

 

Determiners

 

	Singular	Plural
Definite	temtaaptapchuuj /ˈtemtaːpˌtapʧuːʤ/ the	damgbm /daɱbm/ the
Indefinite	figigik /ˈfigigik/ a	tuul /tuːl/ some

 

Pronouns

 

	Singular	Plural
1st person	ngçaçbuuch /ˈŋçaçbuːʧ/ I, me, mine	nçaabaaeç /ˈnçaːbaːeç/ we, us, ours
2nd person	nedh /neð/ you, yours	dōfadh /ˈdoːfað/ you all, yours (pl)
3rd person	jengbibh /ˈʤeŋbiβ/ he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its	lpidh /lpið/ they, them, theirs

 

Numbers

  Mgzapçaabhi has a base-5 number system:   1 - mgjuuj
2 - aahbuufpng
3 - uuçdeh
4 - bhuung
5 - zamghep
25 - waadōç
125 - gōljawfaax
 

Derivational morphology

  Adjective → adverb = Suffix -oːç
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix xoː-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Prefix βi-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Prefix puː-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix pa-
Noun to verb = Suffix -iβ
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʧ
Else: Suffix -i
Tending to = Prefix xi-
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix guː-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ç
Else: Suffix -i
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -oːʧ
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Prefix se-
Diminutive = Suffix -aʧ
Augmentative = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ʤ
Else: Suffix -oː