Old Tothic language

Old Tothic was a language spoken in Konchū at the close of the First Age spoken by the Tothas people who emerged on the steppes of Konchū as a mixture of elven, orcish, and other peoples. It features a much reduced grammar and phonology from its parent, the Dyéwiskos language.

Phonology

Consonant inventory: b d ð f g k kʷ l m n p r s ʃ t θ v w j x xʷ

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Post-Alveolar	Velar
Nasal	m			n
Stop	p b			t d		k kʷ g
Fricative		f v	θ ð	s	ʃ	x xʷ
Trill				r
Lateral approximant				l

Vowel inventory: a aː e eː i iː o oː u uː Diphthongs: ai au ei oi ui iu io ia eo

	Front	Back
High	i iː	u uː
High-mid	e eː	o oː
Low	a aː

Spelling rules:

Pronunciation	Spelling
kʷ	qu
xʷ	wh
x (before consonants)	c
x (before vowels)	h
ʃ	sh
θ	th
ð	dh or th
aː	á or aa
eː	é or ei or ee or ey
iː	í or ii or iy
oː	ó or ou or ow
uː	ú or uu or uw

Morphology

Verb affixes

Infinitive/Dictionary form	Suffix -a vega /ˈvega/ to break kiva /ˈkiva/ to give
Past-indicative	Suffix -en vegen /ˈvegen/ he broke kiven /ˈkiven/ he gave
Past-subjunctive	Suffix -in vegin /ˈvegin/ if he had broken kivin /ˈkivin/ if he had given
Present-indicative	Suffix -eth vegeth /ˈvegeθ/ he breaks kiveth /ˈkiveθ/ he gives
Present-subjunctive	Suffix -ith vegith /ˈvegiθ/ if he breaks kivith /ˈkiviθ/ if he gives
Present-stative	Suffix -es veges /ˈveges/ he is breaking kives /ˈkives/ he is breaking
Imperative	Suffix -é vegé /veˈgeː/ (you) break kivé /kiˈveː/ (you) give
Present participle	Suffix -ontin vegontin /veˈgontin/ breaking kivontin /kiˈvontin/ giving

passive infix: -or-

Noun affixes

Nominative	Suffix -s (typically dropped in consonant clusters) monos /ˈmonos/ man (doing the verb) armun /ˈarmun/ shoulder (doing the verb)
Accusative	Suffix -ath monath /ˈmonaθ/ (verb done to) man armunath /ˈarmunaθ/ (verb done to) shoulder
Genitive	Suffix -ios monios /ˈmonʲos/ manʼs armunios /arˈmunʲos/ shoulder's
Dative	Sufffix -am monam /ˈmonam/ to man armunam/ˈarmunam/ to shoulder
Locative	Suffix -i monoi /ˈmonoi/ near/at/by man armuni/ˈarmuni/ near/at/by shoulder

-adh ablative tai - 3rd person plural nom pronoun

Syntax

...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
...e he thaiten vegontin híos hilmath e worthen híos wito anthath of aithlam...
Pronunciation: /e xe ˈθaiten veˈgontin ˈxiːos ˈxilmaθ e ˈworθen ˈxiːos ˈwito ˈanθaθ of ˈaiθlam/
Tëaisco word order: and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind Main word order: Subject Verb Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary opened the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: prepositions ?

Root Languages