Draconic
Morphology
Adjective → adverb = Suffix -lyth
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix Uth-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -rax
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -vek
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix Vo-
Noun to verb = Suffix -dal
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -tha
Tending to = Suffix -roth
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix Olk-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -shak
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -nor
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -tok
Diminutive = Suffix -ik
Augmentative = Prefix Krak-
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix Uth-
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Suffix -rax
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -vek
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = Prefix Vo-
Noun to verb = Suffix -dal
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -tha
Tending to = Suffix -roth
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix Olk-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = Suffix -shak
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Suffix -nor
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -tok
Diminutive = Suffix -ik
Augmentative = Prefix Krak-
Vocabulary
abdomen : n = ˈwɪjo
able, capable, competent : adj = s̥i
aboard : adv = ˈdega
abolish : v = ˈbijap̊i
about : adv = be
about, concerning, regarding : prep = gi
above : prep = ˈʃ̥ax̥a
absent : adj = ˈɣaɔ
abundant, lush : adj = ˈvize
accent (of language) : n = ˈwoŋɛ
access : v = ˈx̥imo
accident, catastrophe : n = ˈiɣi
according to : prep = ˈt̥ih̥i
accurate, exact, precise, specific, particular : adj = ˈp̊au̯wu
accuse : v = ˈmibui̯
ache : v = ˈs̥izi
achieve, accomplish : v = ˈðaza
acid : n = ˈmɛni
acquaintance : n = ˈθ̥una
acronym : n = ˈʃ̥ivu
across : prep = p̊u
act, behave : v = ˈjɛs̥æ
actually : adv = ˈp̊ɪmi
acute : adj = ˈduwi
adapt : v = ˈiʃ̥ɛ
add : v = ˈjɪdi
address : n = ˈau̯mɛ
admit, accept, pardon : v = ˈau̯jæ
adopt : v = ˈbɛjʌ
adult : n = ˈt̥ɔs̥u
advance : v = ˈdiɣæ
adventure : n = ˈh̥ulai̯
advertise, promote, advocate : v = ˈmoði
advice : n = ˈæʒui̯
aesthetic : adj = ˈbɪðɔ
affect : v = ˈt̥iu̯nai̯
affection : n = ˈos̥u
afford : v = ˈowau̯
after : prep = t̥a
again : adv = q̊ʌ
against : prep = t̥u
ago : adv = x̥iu̯
agony : n = ˈgoi̯ɣɔmi
agree, admit, affirm, compromise : v = ˈbui̯nɪ
agriculture : n = ˈigi
aim : v = ˈʃ̥obɛ
air, breeze, weather : n = ɣoi̯
alcohol, liquor : n = ˈæjei̯
alibi : n = ˈk̥ɪx̥ai̯
all : det = me
allergy : n = ˈlau̯jiu̯
allocate : v = ˈgah̥au̯
ally : n = ˈmʌo
almond : n = ˈlɪgi
almost : adv = joi̯
alone : adj = ˈzowæ
along : prep = ˈui̯nɛ
alongside, as well as : prep = ˈp̊ʌmei̯
alphabet : n = ˈwiðih̥i
already : adv = h̥a
also, as well : adv = biu̯
alternate : adj = ˈmɪwu
although, though : conj = ˈgigi
always, all the time, forever : adv = ze
amateur : n = ˈɣɛk̥i
ambassador : n = ˈθ̥eŋe
ambiguous : adj = ˈθ̥oluθ̥u
ambition : n = ˈjuh̥o
among : prep = ˈɛða
amount, quantity : n = ˈɣeli
amuse, charm : v = ˈænei̯
analogy : n = ˈɛʒiu̯
ancestor, forefather : n = ˈomɪmiu̯
anchor : n = ˈbæzi
ancient : adj = ˈp̊ige
ancient : n = raul
and : conj = gɛ
angel, saint : n = ˈæðuðe
angle, direction (way) : n = ˈgef̥ɛ
angry, mad : adj = ˈbʌma
animal, beast, creature, organism : n = ˈmaɔɣɛ
animate : v = ˈmorɪ
ankle : n = ˈmoi̯we
announce, proclaim, advertise, testify : v = ˈʃ̥at̥ʌ
annoy, agitate : v = ˈwimʌ
answer : n = ˈboi̯ga
ant : n = ˈiu̯mo
antique : adj = ˈx̥ila
any : det = k̥e
anything : pron = læ
apartment : n = ˈvulɪ
apology : n = ˈvak̥ai̯
apparent : adj = ˈɛmiu̯ʒe
appetite : n = ˈat̥ʌ
applaud, cheer : v = ˈx̥eʒʌ
apple : n = ˈdimi
appliance, fixture : n = ˈθ̥ɪq̊e
appreciate : v = ˈɣɔðɛ
appropriate : adj = ˈbæjo
apron : n = ˈlɪmɛ
arch, arc : n = ˈmʌnɪ
archipelago : n = ˈθ̥elai̯
archive : n = ˈbik̥i
area, territory : n = ˈwɪgɔ
arena, stadium : n = ˈmije
argument : n = ˈjavui̯
arm : n = ˈðɛŋi
armor : n = ˈh̥ɛmu
armpit : n = ˈezi
army : n = ˈk̥ʌmi
around : prep = ˈaʒau̯
arouse : v = ˈæʃ̥i
aroused (sexually) : adj = ˈbai̯dɛ
arrange : v = ˈdau̯gei̯
array : n = ˈbuθ̥ɛ
arrest : v = ˈdaʃ̥o
arrive : v = ˈt̥af̥a
arrogant : adj = ˈɛmai̯mei̯
arrow (sign) : n = ˈdide
arrow (weapon) : n = ˈp̊ezɛ
arsenal : n = ˈf̥emiva
art, craft : n = ˈmʌma
article (text) : n = ˈjewui̯wa
artillery : n = ˈozi
as : adv = ˈdeʌ
ash, coal : n = ˈwʌni
ask (inquire), interrogate : v = zu
ask (invite) : v = bai̯
ask (request) : v = s̥ei̯
ass : n = ˈx̥æŋæ
assassin : n = ˈdeʃ̥au̯
assemble, summon, compile : v = ˈq̊uʒa
assign, elect : v = ˈwivai̯
assume, presume, deduce, deem : v = ˈwɛlau̯
asteroid, comet : n = ˈau̯ŋɪmi
at : prep = ga
athlete : n = ˈθ̥iq̊i
atmosphere : n = ˈðʌnɛ
atom : n = ˈviui̯
attack, assault : v = ˈʒiŋa
attend, show up : v = ˈɔgau̯
attic : n = ˈʃ̥eʒi
attitude : n = ˈvoda
attract, charm : v = ˈzʌjei̯
audience : n = ˈʃ̥eba
aunt : n = ˈmɛmiu̯
authority : n = ˈmix̥i
automatic : adj = ˈlegɛ
autumn : n = ˈau̯vʌ
available : adj = ˈbɛvu
avenue, artery : n = ˈʌnoni
average : n = ˈilɔ
avert : v = ˈmek̥ɪ
avoid : v = ˈp̊ilɪ
awake, aware, conscious : adj = ˈðoða
away : adv = wɛ
awe : n = ˈwei̯dɔ
awful, terrible : adj = ˈdau̯zɪ
awkward : adj = ˈmai̯goi̯
axe : n = ˈmavui̯
axis, axle : n = ˈk̥iza
baby, infant : n = ʒɔ
bachelor : n = ˈmodʌ
back (of body), back (reverse side) : n = zo
backpack : n = ˈwime
backward : adj = ˈet̥ʌ
bad : adj = bɔ
badge : n = ˈθ̥udo
bag, packet : n = ˈoi̯jɛ
bake : v = ˈk̥iju
balcony : n = ˈʒijɪ
bald : adj = ˈmebo
ball, bullet : n = ˈk̥af̥ɪ
ban : n = strength
ban, prohibit, restrict, veto : v = ˈq̊æs̥ai̯
band (musical group) : n = ˈðʌx̥ɪ
bang : v = ˈabiu̯
bank, fund : n = h̥au̯
bankrupt, broke : adj = ˈjejai̯
banner : n = ˈdoi̯wɔ
barely, hardly : adv = ˈmiŋei̯
bargain : n = ˈt̥ɔda
bark (of tree) : n = ˈs̥ih̥ɛ
bark : v = ˈgau̯f̥ɪ
barrel : n = ˈʌðe
base : n = ˈk̥oi̯be
basement : n = ˈs̥inɛ
basic : adj = ˈp̊ɪh̥æ
basil : n = ˈmoθ̥agɔ
basin, valley, reservoir : n = ˈladʌ
basket : n = ˈdæbæ
bass : n = ˈæʒɔ
bastard : n = ˈs̥eaɣe
bat (winged mammal) : n = ˈwɛq̊ʌ
bathroom : n = ˈidi
battle, clash : n = ˈq̊ɪt̥i
bay : n = ˈp̊ʌŋe
be (age) : v = k̥i
be (exist), be (permanent state) : v = ɣa
be (temporary state), be (located) : v = ɣɪ
beach : n = ˈq̊ædi
bead : n = ˈt̥ut̥oi̯
beak : n = ˈdaje
bean : n = ˈh̥iŋe
bear : n = ˈɪx̥o
beauty : n = ˈjobi
because : conj = zau̯
become (begin to be) : v = ˈf̥au̯wiu̯
become (change into), get : v = h̥ɔ
bed : n = ˈt̥uʃ̥a
bedroom : n = ˈdini
bee : n = ˈp̊oræ
beer : n = ˈs̥up̊i
beetle : n = ˈgɛt̥ɔwɪ
before : prep = ʒæ
beg : v = ˈdiu̯ri
behind, back : adv = t̥ɪ
bell : n = ˈðʌje
belly : n = ˈjɔdiu̯
belt, strap : n = ˈjæbe
bench : n = ˈʃ̥uŋɛ
bend, lean : v = ˈaθ̥ɪ
benefit : n = ˈjeŋiu̯
benign : adj = ˈlʌx̥ai̯
berry : n = ˈmiu̯a
beside : prep = ˈq̊au̯zu
best : adj = ɣɛ
betray : v = ˈojʌ
between : prep = wui̯
beverage : n = ˈjimi
beyond : prep = ˈk̥iu̯q̊ɪ
bicycle : n = ˈliva
bid : v = ˈai̯vɔ
big, great (very large) : adj = jiu̯
bill, check : n = ˈðeʃ̥e
billion : num = ˈʒau̯di
biology : n = ˈmai̯ræ
bird : n = ˈðɔθ̥u
biscuit : n = ˈbef̥e
bit : n = x̥ai̯
bitch : n = ˈɛgu
bite, chew : v = ˈx̥is̥ɪ
bitter : adj = ˈs̥ui̯θ̥oi̯
bizarre : adj = ˈjobeɣo
black : adj = ˈʒiroi̯
blade : n = ˈbiɣe
blame, accuse : v = ˈloɣa
blanket, quilt : n = ˈt̥æf̥ʌ
blasphemy, heresy : n = ˈwoɣæ
blast : v = ˈf̥æf̥iu̯
blend, merge, incorporate : v = ˈmap̊a
bless : v = ˈlijʌ
blind : adj = ˈx̥ewu
blink : v = ˈf̥ɪf̥i
block : n = ˈwʌʃ̥ɔɪ
blonde : adj = ˈzit̥i
blood, race, ethnicity : n = gʌ
bloom, blossom, flourish, sprout : v = ˈθ̥æf̥i
blow : v = ˈh̥awo
blue : adj = ˈh̥uθ̥i
blur : n = ˈwai̯da
blush : v = ˈdef̥ui̯
boat, canoe, yacht : n = ˈθ̥ɛwi
body : n = ˈt̥ai̯ʃ̥ei̯
boil : v = s̥u
bond : v = ˈunui̯
bone : n = k̥oi̯
book, novel, magazine : n = ˈθ̥iwe
boot : n = ˈebi
border, boundary : n = ˈq̊aq̊a
bore : v = ˈf̥emɛ
borrow, hire, rent : v = ˈɛiu̯
boss : n = ˈmai̯gɛ
both : det = h̥ɛ
bottle, jar, vase : n = ˈwæmɪ
bottom (lowest part), buttocks : n = ˈmiɣi
boulder, stone, slab, lump : n = ˈk̥urʌ
bow (decorative material) : n = ˈgɔmu
bow (greet) : v = ˈʌra
bow (weapon) : n = ˈp̊ek̥ɪ
bow : v = ˈmædu
bowl, cup, pot : n = ðau̯
box : n = ˈt̥ɪlɛ
boy, son : n = ˈs̥ɛɣa
boyfriend : n = ˈθ̥ami
bra : n = ˈiu̯bɪ
brace : v = ˈlome
bracket : n = ˈθ̥ax̥ai̯
brag : v = ˈvægo
brass : n = ˈs̥oʒo
bread : n = ˈjie
break, tear, interrupt : v = t̥ei̯
breakfast : n = ˈzai̯wi
breast : n = ˈs̥ini
breath : n = hal
breathe : v = ˈile
breed : v = ˈðɔdʌ
bribe : v = ˈʃ̥iŋoi̯vui̯
brick : n = ˈh̥ɪŋɪ
bridge : n = ˈɣɪga
broth : n = ˈlak̥i
brothel : n = ˈθ̥ɪʌ
brother : n = ˈwui̯gu
brown : adj = ˈt̥ɪri
bruise : n = ˈp̊iji
brush, brush (for hair), broom : n = ˈp̊eju
bubble : n = ˈeji
bucket : n = ˈɣimiθ̥i
bud : n = ˈθ̥æɣæ
budget : n = ˈjɔzi
buffalo : n = ˈzigebɔ
bug, insect : n = ˈt̥iɣe
build, construct, erect : v = ʃ̥au̯
building, architecture : n = ˈmimi
bulb (plant root) : n = ˈwɔɣɛ
bullet : n = ˈoi̯ŋʌ
bully : n = ˈdiu̯wi
bump : n = ˈwoi̯s̥u
bump : v = ˈmɔla
bunch : n = ˈðɪdu
bunker : n = ˈgei̯p̊æ
bureaucracy : n = ˈzau̯θ̥i
bureaucrat : n = ˈlæziwe
burger : n = ˈjigi
burn, cook (heat food), ignite, light, simmer : v = ˈgami
burst : v = ˈðaʃ̥u
business : n = ˈevɪ
bust : v = ˈq̊ok̥i
busy : adj = ˈjoge
but : conj = i
butt : n = ˈɣɪʒæ
butter : n = ˈɔno
buttocks, ass : n = ˈk̥ʌp̊ei̯
button (fastener for clothing) : n = ˈlorɔ
button (pushbutton) : n = ˈʃ̥ɛgi
buy, purchase, shop : v = ʃ̥ei̯
by (agent performing an action), by (author or creator) : prep = t̥i
by (using a route) : prep = q̊i
by (using the means of) : prep = jai̯
cabbage : n = ˈp̊ɛʒe
cabin, hut, shack, inn, lodge : n = ˈp̊ʌŋei̯
cabinet, drawer : n = ˈiɣʌ
cage, crate : n = ˈzija
calendar, schedule, roster : n = ˈk̥iwe
calf : n = ˈf̥ɔθ̥a
call (cry out) : v = ðʌ
call (refer to by name) : v = wʌ
calm : adj = ˈbɪʃ̥e
camel : n = ˈθ̥ax̥o
camera : n = ˈeʃ̥æ
camp : n = ˈf̥ʌɣif̥i
campaign : n = ˈlɪŋoi̯
can : v = o
canal : n = ˈf̥it̥oi̯
candidate : n = ˈx̥ei̯nu
candle : n = ˈʌmai̯
candy, vagina (slang) : n = ˈʃ̥ʌo
cane : n = ˈq̊uŋa
cannon : n = ˈɪʃ̥æ
canopy : n = ˈbinei̯
canvas : n = ˈjage
canyon : n = ˈvɔjif̥u
capital (city) : n = ˈemi
capsule, tablet : n = ˈwaðɪ
capture, seize, kidnap : v = ˈk̥iðɛ
car : n = ˈθ̥ewa
card : n = ˈwenoi̯
care : v = ˈgimæ
career : n = ˈk̥iwu
carpet, rug : n = ˈwɪliu̯
carrot : n = ˈlemidui̯
carry out, implement : v = ˈix̥ɪ
cart : n = ˈip̊u
cartoon : n = ˈθ̥æq̊ɪ
case, incident : n = moi̯
casino : n = ˈduli
cast, fling, hurl : v = ˈwis̥o
castle, palace : n = ˈx̥ɪp̊ɪ
casual : adj = ˈvejʌ
cat : n = ˈjei̯da
catalog : n = ˈp̊ut̥a
catch, capture, seize, intercept, arrest : v = lɛ
caterpillar : n = ˈk̥ex̥æ
cathedral : n = ˈai̯ði
cauldron, kettle : n = ˈjɪlɛ
cause, induce, provoke, evoke : v = gau̯
cave, tomb, grave : n = f̥au̯
cavity : n = ˈbɪbu
celebrate : v = ˈq̊iu̯be
cell (room in a prison), compartment : n = ˈt̥æŋɛgɪ
cellar : n = ˈq̊ok̥ɔ
cement : n = ˈmewuɣɔ
center, heart, core, hub (center of activity), nucleus : n = ˈmas̥e
century : n = ˈx̥ive
ceremony, ritual : n = ˈumæ
certain, sure : adj = ˈjap̊ɪ
certify : v = ˈmʌlɛ
chain, bracelet : n = ˈiu̯ɣɪ
chalk : n = ˈθ̥ɛɣæ
challenge : n = ˈp̊ʌjɛbe
champion : n = ˈjɛŋɔ
chance, odds : n = vɔ
change, vary, differ : v = x̥ʌ
channel (of water) : n = ˈei̯x̥ɪ
chaos : n = ˈʃ̥ɪwæ
chapter : n = ˈʃ̥iju
character, persona : n = ˈf̥aʒu
charge : v = ˈbei̯o
charity : n = ˈðæʒoi̯
chart, diagram : n = ˈʒai̯ɣɔ
chase : v = ˈʃ̥ʌp̊i
chasm : n = ˈʒʌf̥ɛ
chat : v = ˈʃ̥æx̥ui̯
check, examine, confirm : v = ˈt̥urɔ
cheek : n = ˈlewʌbe
cheese : n = ˈgiba
chemical : n = ˈq̊es̥a
cherry : n = ˈɣɛme
chest : n = ˈp̊oi̯ɣu
chick (girl) : n = ˈʒoze
chicken, fowl : n = ˈʒei̯ŋæ
chief : n = θ̥ei̯
child (young human being), child (son or daughter of any age) : n = q̊ɛ
chime : n = ˈʃ̥ui̯we
chin, beard : n = ˈwalɪθ̥a
choir : n = ˈðagei̯
choke, gag : v = ˈɣah̥ʌ
choose, select : v = ˈbui̯mʌnæ
chop : v = ˈt̥if̥ɛ
chord : n = ˈx̥oi̯go
chorus : n = ˈʒɔji
church, chapel : n = ˈʌʒɛ
cigarette, cigar : n = ˈamɔ
circle, wheel : n = ˈmibæ
circulate : v = ˈjɛðo
circus : n = ˈmɔwi
citadel : n = ˈjoi̯ji
city, metropolis : n = dʌ
civilian : n = ˈoðæ
civilization : n = ˈq̊ejɪ
claim, allege, accuse, testify : v = h̥u
clan, kin : n = ˈx̥oi̯gui̯
clap, pat : v = ˈq̊ɔve
clarify : v = ˈarɔ
clash : n = ˈwak̥ɛnɛ
class : n = ˈboga
classic : adj = ˈh̥iq̊a
clause : n = ˈvaʒi
claw : n = fin
clay, mud, brick : n = ˈɪh̥ɪp̊u
clean : adj = ˈmei̯gɪ
clear : v = ˈmɪjɛ
clear, transparent : adj = ˈjʌdɛx̥ɔ
cleavage : n = ˈai̯gi
clerk, accountant : n = ˈθ̥ei̯da
click : n = ˈbawɪ
cliff : n = ˈwɔt̥i
climate : n = ˈf̥ɛt̥ʌ
climb, escalate : v = ˈvit̥ɔgʌ
clinic, hospital : n = ˈwek̥ɔ
clip, snip, trim : v = ˈs̥ogu
clock : n = ˈk̥ih̥ʌʒɛ
close, intimate : adj = ˈʒɔŋi
close, shut, block : v = ˈh̥eʃ̥æ
closure : n = ˈiʒæ
clothes, clothing, garment : n = ˈialau̯
cloud : n = ˈiθ̥u
clown : n = ˈʃ̥ɛʒɛ
clue : n = ˈzot̥irei̯
coach : v = ˈezui̯
coat, jacket, cloak : n = ˈvæni
coconut : n = ˈɣɪvui̯
code : n = ˈs̥ip̊ai̯
coffee : n = ˈimo
coherent : adj = ˈk̥iu̯t̥ei̯
coil : n = ˈmik̥ɪ
coin, currency : n = ˈbevɔ
coincidence : n = ˈk̥ap̊a
cold, crisp, cool (slightly cold) : adj = ˈθ̥ɪθ̥ini
collapse, topple : v = ˈæni
collar : n = ˈmup̊ɪ
colony : n = ˈθ̥at̥ʌmi
color, hue : n = ˈjɛva
column : n = ˈbibɛ
comb : n = ˈlɛjʌɣe
combat : n = ˈbau̯rɔ
combine : v = ˈjonut̥e
come, become (change into), get, enter : v = li
comedy : n = ˈvau̯væ
comfort : n = ˈh̥awu
comic : adj = ˈei̯f̥ʌwæ
command : v = ˈmæh̥aʃ̥i
comment : n = ˈh̥ai̯ʃ̥i
committee, tribunal : n = ˈbui̯p̊æq̊a
common, normal, generic, regular, medium : adj = ˈjivu
community : n = ðæ
commute : v = ˈθ̥imɔ
compact : adj = ˈɣif̥e
company : n = ˈbʌʒu
compare : v = ˈaʒe
compass : n = ˈgɪp̊awi
compassion, sympathy, empathy : n = ˈok̥ɪ
complain : v = ˈɪmai̯
complement : v = ˈmɛzai̯
complete, achieve, accomplish : v = ˈjizi
complex : n = ˈmʌvak̥i
complicated, intricate : adj = ˈmojɛ
compliment : n = ˈɣʌmʌmɪ
comply, conform : v = ˈʃ̥au
compose : v = ˈloða
composite, hybrid : n = ˈzɛmu
compost, fertilizer : n = ˈziŋui̯
compound : n = ˈjema
concentrate, focus : v = ˈwɪɣo
concrete, pavement : n = ˈɛrɪ
condition (requirement, stipulation) : n = ˈgærɛ
conference : n = ˈlot̥op̊ɪ
confident : adj = ˈk̥ewo
confidential : adj = ˈbiwi
confine : v = ˈjivɪ
confirm, validate, verify : v = ˈwɛx̥ɛ
confuse, complicate : v = ˈdip̊o
connect, attach : v = ˈk̥æmoi̯zɔ
conquer : v = ˈumo
consistent, compatible : adj = ˈɣuq̊ʌ
consolidate, incorporate : v = ˈgemɛ
constitution : n = ˈʒibɪ
consult : v = ˈʒeðui̯
contact : n = ˈzejʌ
contain, involve, entail : v = ˈmɔu
continent : n = ˈiðɪ
continue, keep (continue), last, remain : v = q̊o
contract : n = ˈdau̯ʒi
contradict, contrast : v = ˈx̥abui̯je
contribute, donate : v = ˈf̥ʌk̥e
control : v = ˈq̊ʌwe
controversy : n = ˈf̥ɔjiʃ̥a
convenient : adj = ˈs̥aɣoi̯
convert : v = ˈʒedajɪ
convict, sentence : v = ˈjai̯x̥e
cook (heat food), cook (prepare food) : v = ða
cool (fashionable), casual : adj = ˈʃ̥ɛbo
cooperate, collaborate : v = ˈk̥æme
copper, bronze : n = ˈgije
copy, imitate, replicate : v = ˈh̥ewi
coral : n = ˈt̥imɛmæ
cork, plug : n = ˈθ̥ɔt̥ɛ
corn : n = ˈgæzɛ
corner : n = ˈaʒɛ
corpse : n = ˈlɔt̥ɔf̥e
corrupt : adj = ˈjei̯ʃ̥if̥æ
cost : v = ˈau̯t̥æ
cotton, cloth, rag : n = ˈenɔʃ̥i
cough : v = ˈmei̯s̥æ
could : v = q̊oi̯
counsel : n = ˈviu̯p̊ui̯
count : v = ˈzut̥o
counter (flat, elevated surface) : n = ˈh̥ef̥i
country (nation) : n = ˈiu̯dɔ
country (rural area) : n = x̥ɪ
couple : n = ðei̯
courier : n = ˈiŋif̥æ
course (direction of travel), direction (way) : n = ˈɣet̥ɔ
courtesy : n = ˈh̥uŋɛ
cousin : n = ˈmit̥e
cove : n = ˈq̊oja
cover : v = ˈθ̥aŋi
cover up : v = ˈk̥avo
cow : n = ˈʃ̥ʌf̥ʌ
crab : n = ˈeme
crack, fracture, accident : n = ˈamui̯
crash : v = ˈx̥ɛʃ̥ei̯
crawl, creep : v = ˈk̥onʌ
crazy, insane, absurd, silly : adj = ˈk̥au̯di
credit (of money) : n = ˈwari
credit (recognition) : n = ˈɣɪrʌ
creek : n = ˈui̯jai̯
crest : n = ˈq̊ɔwʌ
crew : n = ˈojui̯
crime : n = ˈmɛrau̯
crisis, catastrophe : n = ˈk̥ʌŋujo
criteria : n = ˈjʌp̊e
critique : n = ˈjɪp̊i
cross : v = ˈk̥eje
crowd : n = ˈbɔp̊ɪ
crown : n = ˈmai̯ʃ̥e
crude, vulgar : adj = ˈgoroi̯
cruel, nasty : adj = ˈp̊iu̯k̥æ
crumb : n = ˈx̥au̯ŋo
crumple : v = ˈmeɣæ
crunch : v = ˈiu̯do
crusade : n = ˈɛt̥e
crush, grind, squash, cram, jam, squeeze : v = ˈwiʒu
crust : n = ˈs̥ugu
cry, shout : v = ˈjɪðɛɣɛ
crystal, prism : n = ˈzɔbui̯
cube : n = ˈt̥ui̯nɪx̥ʌ
cuddle : v = ˈmai̯x̥iu̯
cuff : n = ˈðeðɪ
cult : n = ˈui̯da
culture, tradition : n = za
cupboard : n = ˈedʌ
curious : adj = ˈɣɔlɛ
current : adj = ɣʌ
current : n = ˈvinɪ
curse : v = ˈʒiu̯u
curtain : n = ˈvire
cushion : n = ˈala
custom : adj = ˈzoq̊ui̯
customer, patron : n = ˈðai̯mʌ
cut, slash, shave, tear, rip : v = lai̯
cute : adj = ˈdiʃ̥i
cylinder : n = ˈap̊ɪ
dael : n = ˈdeath
dagger : n = ˈlobet̥o
dairy : n = ˈvei̯jɪ
dal : n = ˈtime
dam : n = ˈliu̯ʃ̥ɔ
damage, impair : v = ˈwʌp̊ɔ
damn : adj = ˈei̯lʌ
damp, moist : adj = ˈbuŋai̯
dance : v = ˈwuɣɔ
dangerous : adj = ˈwaʒɛ
dangle : v = ˈɣoʒe
dare : v = ˈθ̥oje
dark : adj = ˈmap̊ɪ
darling : n = ˈlau̯ri
dash : n = ˈik̥ʌ
date : n = ˈɣale
date, go out : v = ˈʃ̥ɪʒi
day, date, light : n = loi̯
deaf : adj = ˈzui̯mi
deal : v = ˈbiwo
death : n = dael
death : n = ˈjif̥ɛje
debate : v = ˈaŋʌ
debt : n = ˈθ̥uθ̥æ
decade : n = ˈt̥aʒʌ
decay : v = ˈzei̯zai̯
decision : n = ˈai̯je
decorate : v = ˈʃ̥ʌga
deep : adj = ˈq̊ini
default : n = ˈaŋi
defeat, beat : v = ˈwɛle
defecate : v = ˈwæf̥iu̯
defend, secure, prevent, intercept : v = ˈɣiðɔ
defy, confront : v = ˈɛneθ̥ʌ
delay, postpone, stall : v = ˈq̊ɛðæ
deliberate : adj = ˈvip̊ila
delicious : adj = ˈs̥oɣe
demand : v = ˈʒæʒɪ
demise : n = ˈq̊ex̥ɛmi
demographic : n = ˈlowɪ
demon, goblin : n = ˈt̥of̥ɛ
den : n = ˈwozui̯ji
deny : v = ˈzegu
depend, rely on : v = ˈh̥ut̥ei̯
deploy : v = ˈjomɛ
deputy : n = ˈjei̯mu
descendant : n = ˈʃ̥oda
describe, define, interpret, translate : v = ˈs̥iu̯gu
desert : n = ˈwei̯ɣo
desert : v = ˈmaʒo
deserve : v = ˈk̥ʌli
desire, crave : v = ˈʒiji
desk : n = ˈjiŋo
destiny, fate : n = ˈk̥iu̯ʃ̥ɔ
destroy, devastate : v = ˈgʌʒai̯
detail : n = ˈh̥ox̥a
detain : v = ˈojila
deteriorate, erode : v = ˈzuθ̥a
device, gadget, accessory, fixture : n = ˈp̊ɪræ
devil : n = ˈɣaðɛ
dew : n = ˈɛgi
dhar : n = ˈdragon
diagnose : v = ˈh̥ɪnei̯
dial : v = ˈbane
diameter : n = ˈx̥ɔja
diamond : n = ˈt̥ale
diaper : n = ˈɪf̥u
diary : n = ˈweʃ̥ɪ
dictator : n = ˈʃ̥ʌθ̥e
dictionary : n = ˈf̥ai̯ge
diet : n = ˈui̯gɪ
different, other, distinct, unique : adj = zai̯
difficult : adj = ˈjɪbo
dig, scoop : v = ˈwerau̯
dignity : n = ˈau̯p̊ojʌ
dim : adj = ˈʌɛ
dine : v = ˈmoŋi
diner : n = ˈs̥ɪwu
dinner : n = ˈei̯rʌ
direct, conduct : v = ˈθ̥iʃ̥ui̯
dirt, mud : n = ˈɣɪs̥i
disaster, catastrophe, accident : n = ˈjau̯miu̯
discharge, excuse : v = ˈwærʌ
discount : n = ˈðɪwige
discourage, deter : v = ˈθ̥ibau̯
discourse, rhetoric : n = ˈjai̯q̊ʌ
discriminate : v = ˈh̥oi̯niu̯jo
discuss : v = ˈmɛʒi
disease, defect : n = ˈjumɪ
disguise, deceive, feign, bluff : v = ˈðije
disgust : n = ˈʒei̯vu
dish, plate, tray, disk : n = ˈk̥ɛbo
dismiss, expel : v = ˈɣai̯x̥iu̯
display : v = ˈðiʒɛ
dispose : v = ˈʃ̥ʌq̊i
distance, range, span : n = ˈwok̥u
distinct, apparent : adj = ˈbiba
distinguish : v = h̥ai̯
disturb, disrupt : v = ˈf̥ʌbɛmi
ditch : n = ˈjɪwe
divert, distract : v = ˈæmɔ
divorce : n = ˈʃ̥ɔx̥ɪ
do : v = f̥a
doctor : n = ˈviɣɛ
dodge : v = ˈmizɔ
dog : n = q̊e
doll : n = ˈʃ̥ebe
dome : n = ˈlek̥ɪ
dominate : v = ˈlɪt̥ɛ
door : n = ˈʃ̥ɪi
dot : n = ˈjæx̥ɛ
double : n = ˈh̥ʌma
doubt : v = ˈek̥ezo
dove : n = ˈbumiu̯
down : adv = ˈwai̯wæ
draft : n = ˈx̥ægo
drag, tow : v = ˈgox̥ʌ
dragon : n = dhar
dragon : n = ˈh̥ɔʒu
drain : v = ˈbaɣu
drama : n = ˈʃ̥ɪɣa
drape : v = ˈbek̥i
dream : n = ˈvɪbu
dream : n = zhal
dream, fantasy, illusion : n = ˈibo
drench, flush, saturate : v = ˈmomæ
dress, skirt : n = ˈmʌh̥ɛma
drift : v = ˈguɣɔ
drill : n = ˈlah̥e
drip : v = ˈp̊ɪlai̯s̥au̯
drive, ride : v = ʒoi̯
drown : v = ˈt̥ɛŋu
drug, medicine : n = bo
drum : n = ˈp̊ɪru
drunk (inebriated) : adj = ˈp̊adæs̥o
dry, sober : adj = ˈp̊eʃ̥a
dub : v = ˈbɔjɪs̥i
duck, crouch, lurk : v = ˈweŋu
due : adj = ˈbaʒe
dull, blunt : adj = ˈs̥ʌrɔmu
dumb (speechless) : adj = ˈvowɪ
dump : n = ˈk̥æoi̯
dune : n = ˈziɔ
during : prep = ˈvunai̯
dusk, twilight : n = ˈmɪθ̥e
dust, powder : n = ˈʃ̥uzɪvɪ
dwarf : n = ˈzæt̥i
dynamics : n = ˈwoji
eagle : n = ˈk̥ɪa
ear : n = q̊æ
early : adj = ˈwawo
earn, reap, plow : v = ˈliu̯f̥ɪ
east : n = ˈoq̊iʒe
eat, drink, sip : v = ˈp̊adæ
echo : n = ˈmʌremu
eclipse : n = ˈbiwʌ
economy : n = ˈʃ̥abɔ
edge : n = ˈjɛq̊ei̯
edit : v = ˈliu̯k̥ɪ
education : n = ˈoloi̯
eel : n = ˈvivobæ
effect : n = ˈuʃ̥i
effort : n = bu
egg : n = mar
egg : n = s̥ai̯
eight : num = ˈuwoi̯
either : adv = ˈjɔt̥u
elaborate : v = ˈx̥ʌŋi
elbow : n = ˈʒɛp̊ɪ
electricity : n = ˈs̥eɣɪ
elevate : v = ˈbʌzi
elf : n = ˈɣami
elite : adj = ˈgozi
elixir : n = ˈzæðɪði
elk : n = ˈɛrei̯
else : adv = ˈgox̥ɪ
elusive : adj = ˈzok̥æ
embarrass, tease, humiliate : v = ˈp̊ʌbʌ
embassy : n = ˈbemæ
embrace : v = ˈlui̯mɪ
embryo : n = ˈwek̥i
emit, radiate : v = ˈbɪgo
emotion, passion : n = ˈx̥iq̊ɔ
emperor : n = ˈzʌbɪ
empire : n = ˈs̥uh̥a
employ, recruit : v = ˈt̥ame
empty, naked, nude : adj = ˈq̊ɪni
encounter : v = ˈjæjo
enemy : n = ˈwip̊o
energy (strength, stamina) : n = ˈp̊ɔθ̥i
enforce, compel : v = ˈt̥odo
engine, motor : n = ˈlʌgʌ
enjoy : v = ˈx̥emau̯
enough : det = ʃ̥ʌ
enrich : v = ˈp̊uleæ
environment (natural world) : n = ˈq̊ɪjæ
envision : v = ˈðɪdega
equal, equivalent : adj = ˈboru
erection : n = ˈf̥eɛ
erupt : v = ˈzih̥o
escape : v = ˈs̥eq̊emæ
escort : v = ˈk̥ɪs̥æ
essence : n = ˈʒawæ
estimate : v = ˈk̥adɛɣa
etcetera : adv = ˈbɔro
ethic : n = ˈdozi
evacuate : v = ˈiθ̥ai̯
evaporate : v = ˈðaba
even : conj = ˈq̊aʒo
even, regular, stable : adj = ˈɪvi
event (occurrence) : n = ˈbæwa
ever : adv = ˈvʌh̥u
every, each : det = dɔ
everybody : pron = ˈmui̯joi̯
everyone : pron = ˈjɪwo
everything : pron = ʒu
evidence, symptom : n = ˈvæðo
evil, mean : adj = ˈθ̥ɔt̥ɔ
evolve : v = ˈʌjɪ
exacerbate : v = ˈeŋai̯
exact, precise : adj = ˈgʌʒi
exaggerate : v = ˈup̊oi̯
example : n = ˈh̥ai̯f̥ei̯
excel : v = ˈθ̥ɪx̥o
excellent, fantastic, wonderful, fabulous, terrific, superb, amazing : adj = ˈjʌf̥ɛ
except, besides : prep = ˈɣewoi̯
excitement : n = ˈjurinu
exclaim, proclaim : v = ˈzɛwai̯
exclude : v = ˈmeɣi
excrement, sewage : n = ˈui̯wa
execute : v = ˈui̯ʃ̥ɛ
exempt : adj = ˈɛnæ
exercise, train : v = ˈmʌvi
exert : v = ˈʒeh̥i
exist : v = ˈk̥ik̥ɛ
exit : n = ˈh̥ɪq̊au̯
exotic : adj = ˈlawɛ
expect, rely on : v = gu
expel, fire (from job) : v = ˈjɪmi
experience : v = ðe
experiment : n = ˈjimɔ
expert, specialist : n = ˈgamʌ
expire : v = vʌ
explanation : n = ˈmʌra
explode, blow up : v = ˈamai̯
exploit : v = ˈveɣe
explore : v = ˈk̥uri
export : v = ˈf̥oi̯p̊iu̯ɣe
expose : v = ˈive
expression (facial) : n = ˈθ̥at̥ɪ
extend : v = ˈf̥ɔlɛ
external : adj = ˈmeɣiu̯
extinct : adj = ˈix̥i
extinguish, put out : v = ˈk̥au̯ji
extract : v = ˈwʌmai̯
extreme, intense, radical : adj = ˈgabi
eye : n = zal
eye, eyeball : n = wiu̯
fabric, textile : n = ˈjuʒa
face, fight, confront : v = ˈzulæ
face, side, front, facade, mask, veil : n = x̥ɛ
fact : n = ðɛ
factor, variable : n = ˈʃ̥ige
factory : n = ˈwabʌ
fade : v = ˈjoða
fail : v = ˈq̊au̯bo
faint : v = ˈeɣa
fair, just : adj = ˈɔlʌ
fairy : n = ˈmɔk̥ɛ
faith : n = ˈt̥ɛwi
fall, drop, dive : v = ˈau̯jɛf̥o
false, fake : adj = ˈmɪjei̯
family (children and parents) : n = x̥a
family (related by blood) : n = θ̥u
famous : adj = ˈlai̯x̥ɪ
fan (enthusiast) : n = ˈp̊ɛk̥i
fan : n = ˈp̊ɛmi
fancy : adj = ˈmajiu̯
fang : n = ˈjajʌ
far : adv = ˈmɔjei̯
fascinate : v = ˈlejæq̊ɪ
fashion : n = ˈk̥ʌʒʌ
fast, smart, intelligent, quick, swift : adj = ˈp̊awa
fat (component in food) : n = ði
fate : n = tel
father : n = woi̯
fatigue : n = ˈmone
favor : v = ˈdæði
favorite : adj = ˈana
fear : n = ˈgek̥uja
feast : n = ˈʒap̊ɛ
feather, pen, pencil : n = ˈeɣiu̯
feed : v = ˈui̯le
feel (perceive, sense) : v = ˈɔmi
feel (sense by touch), feel (examine by touch) : v = ʃ̥e
female : n = ˈmak̥ɛ
fence, barrier : n = ˈθ̥ʌdo
ferry : n = ˈleɣe
fertile : adj = ˈðup̊i
festival : n = ˈgʌwɔdæ
fetus, embryo : n = ˈax̥æ
few : det = ʃ̥i
fiber : n = ˈɔlau̯
fiction : n = ˈui̯t̥i
field, farm, pasture, meadow, prairie : n = ˈviju
fight : v = ˈðærɔda
figure, celebrity : n = diu̯
file, data : n = ˈk̥odoi̯mɛ
fill : v = ˈmore
film : n = ˈgɔðe
filter : n = ˈk̥ʌʒe
fin (of fish) : n = ˈdei̯bɪ
fin : n = claw
find, discover, encounter : v = ʃ̥æ
fine (okay) : adj = ˈboʃ̥i
finger, toe, claw, hook : n = ˈdoi̯ʒi
finish, complete : v = ˈboze
fire : n = ˈgɛmi
fire : n = khal
firm : adj = ˈdai̯ʒu
first : num = mʌ
fish : n = ˈɪzau̯
fit, belong, apply, conform : v = ˈʌjui̯
five : num = ʃ̥ai̯
fix, mend, repair, heal, cure, amend, recover : v = ˈziɣæ
flake : n = ˈjʌh̥ɪ
flame : n = ˈs̥oginau̯
flash : v = ˈf̥ai̯mæmiu̯
flat : adj = ˈet̥e
flavor : n = ˈiwa
flaw, defect : n = ˈðɔk̥u
flee : v = ˈʃ̥aq̊au̯
flesh : n = ˈwɔvu
flick : v = ˈɛzoi̯
float, skim : v = ˈk̥ʌzi
flood : n = ˈt̥ai̯ŋe
floor, bottom (lowest part) : n = ˈlɛk̥ɛ
flour : n = ˈjæp̊ɔmi
flow, leak : v = ˈdɛʒu
flower : n = ˈwunʌ
flu : n = ˈwilɛ
fluent : adj = ˈq̊ei̯h̥e
fluid, liquid : n = ˈjedɪ
fluke : n = ˈwʌðu
fly : n = ˈweʒi
fly, glide, slip : v = ˈh̥is̥æ
foam : n = ˈdaʃ̥a
focus, aim : v = ˈgei̯x̥e
fog, mist : n = ˈʌzi
foil : n = ˈwonu
fold : v = ˈæh̥oi̯
folder : n = ˈh̥ɔŋæ
follow : v = gɪ
food, nutrition, cuisine : n = boi̯
footpath, sidewalk : n = ˈɣip̊ɪ
for (a period of time or length of distance) : prep = ʌ
for (in favor of) : prep = goi̯
for (the purpose of) : prep = ei̯
force : n = ˈjeɪθ̥ɔ
forehead, brow : n = ˈjeo
foreign : adj = ˈdop̊u
forest : n = ˈidɪɣɛ
forge : v = ˈðaf̥æ
forget, ignore : v = ˈgoʒʌ
forgive, excuse, vindicate, pardon : v = ˈjuri
fork : n = ˈɛs̥e
formal : adj = ˈvæbai̯
former : adj = ˈwægæ
fort, castle, citadel : n = ˈwup̊æ
fossil : n = ˈx̥at̥ɪ
foster : v = ˈʃ̥ive
found, establish : v = ˈmewɔ
four : num = k̥iu̯
fox : n = ˈumɛ
fragile : adj = ˈɣowʌ
frame, hull : n = ˈzah̥e
fraud, hoax : n = ˈʒini
free : adj = f̥oi̯
freeze : v = ˈjix̥u
frenzy, orgasm : n = ˈðɪɣi
frequent : adj = ˈjiŋʌ
fresh, crisp : adj = ˈaʒui̯
friction : n = ˈzʌŋi
friend : n = ɣu
fringe, verge : n = ˈguði
frog : n = ˈʃ̥ɛx̥æ
from : prep = p̊ɪ
frown : v = ˈgiʒɪ
fruit, seed : n = ˈwiu̯me
frustrate : v = ˈwavɔ
fry, simmer : v = ˈbiwɛ
fuck (slang) : v = ˈugai̯k̥i
fuel : n = ˈænai̯
full : adj = ˈq̊ozu
fun : adj = p̊oi̯
funeral : n = ˈθ̥ɔʃ̥u
fungus, mold : n = ˈk̥amu
funny : adj = ˈt̥ek̥e
fur : n = h̥ui̯
furniture : n = ˈk̥ædi
fury : n = ˈmik̥i
fury, frenzy : n = ˈmaro
fuse : n = ˈærau̯
future, destiny, fate : n = ˈmɪzi
galaxy : n = ˈjɔʃ̥a
gallery (art), exhibit : n = ˈx̥ɪjæ
gamble : v = ˈʃ̥ui̯ji
game, toy : n = dɪ
gan : n = gold
gap : n = ˈʃ̥eŋe
garbage, trash, rubbish, junk : n = ˈlævazi
garden : n = ˈwʌmʌ
gas : n = ˈgimʌ
gasp : v = ˈizei̯
gate : n = ˈf̥ʌmɛ
gather, congregate : v = ˈbime
gauge : n = ˈɣamei̯
gay, homosexual : adj = ˈq̊aq̊au̯
gender : n = ˈunu
gene : n = ˈvaze
general, generic : adj = ˈs̥iu̯s̥u
generate, spawn : v = ˈwidai̯
generic : adj = ˈf̥age
genetics : n = ˈjik̥æ
gentle : adj = ˈok̥ɔ
germ, bacteria : n = ˈoni
get, obtain, take, possess, acquire : v = ˈf̥ip̊ai̯
ghol : n = truth
ghost, demon : n = ˈwei̯t̥i
giant : n = ˈjagu
giggle : v = ˈk̥ɔzif̥i
ginger : n = ˈʒɛwu
girl, daughter : n = ˈzʌmɛ
girlfriend, mistress : n = ˈɛʃ̥e
give, let, allow, permit, approve, provide, cater, transfer, supply, arm : v = do
glacier : n = ˈgɛjiu̯
glass : n = ˈmemɪ
glory, honor : n = ˈðoh̥u
glove : n = ˈh̥æf̥e
glow : v = ˈx̥iu̯zʌ
glue : n = ˈlivo
go down, descend : v = ˈθ̥iola
go, continue : v = vei̯
goal (objective), destination : n = ˈk̥eq̊i
goat : n = ˈjɔwi
god : n = du
gold : n = gan
gold : n = ˈh̥iwʌ
good, great (excellent), moral : adj = k̥u
goodbye : interj = ˈʃ̥iða
goose : n = ˈbiʒɪ
gorgeous, handsome : adj = ˈq̊aji
govern, reign : v = ˈai̯wɪ
grab, clutch, grip : v = s̥ɪ
grade : n = ˈɪmu
gradual : adj = ˈs̥owe
graduate : v = ˈinui̯
grain, cereal : n = ˈk̥emɪ
grandfather : n = ˈdok̥ɔ
grandmother : n = ˈɪh̥u
granite : n = ˈθ̥umɪla
graph : n = ˈʒemau̯
grass : n = ˈzugozu
gravel : n = ˈs̥ajɛ
gravity : n = ˈdɪŋænɔ
gray : adj = ˈʃ̥aŋʌ
graze (feed on) : v = ˈθ̥ebiwɪ
graze (touch), skim : v = ˈziu̯ʒo
grease : n = ˈmʌziu̯
great (excellent), awesome : adj = ˈlinui̯
greed : n = ˈmɪjui̯
green, sick : adj = ˈgat̥ɔ
grid : n = ˈbef̥æ
grill, barbecue : n = ˈk̥ai̯q̊a
grind, crumble, dissolve, fade : v = ˈs̥æp̊u
groan : v = ˈɣiθ̥o
gross, sick : adj = ˈʒæðɔ
group, gang, herd, flock, company, bundle : n = ˈʒuʒu
grow up : v = zɛ
growl, grunt : v = ˈf̥ʌoðai̯
growth : n = ʃ̥oi̯
guard : v = ˈʃ̥ɔs̥o
guerrilla : n = ˈbæp̊e
guess, predict : v = ˈθ̥ʌŋodo
guest : n = ˈgoŋɛ
guide : n = ˈirʌh̥au̯
guilt : n = ˈx̥ɔde
gum : n = ˈzame
gun, rifle, pistol, firearm : n = ˈiɣiu̯
guy : n = p̊ui̯
habit, custom, tradition, ritual : n = ˈvɛŋæ
habitat : n = ˈt̥iu̯na
hag (old woman) : n = ˈdazeʃ̥æ
haggle : v = ˈp̊eq̊æ
hail : v = ˈf̥ai̯lui̯
hair (of body), fur : n = ˈwivæ
hair (of head), hair (of body) : n = ˈt̥iwo
hal : n = ˈbreath
half : n = ˈʌbʌ
hallway, corridor : n = ˈɔbi
halt, ban, prohibit : v = ˈjoq̊o
ham : n = s̥au̯
hammer : n = ˈjælu
hand, wrist, palm (of hand) : n = oi̯
handcuff : n = ˈweme
hang : v = ˈjode
hang out : v = ˈef̥o
hangover : n = ˈðæbɪ
happen, occur : v = ˈas̥ɔ
happiness : n = θ̥ɔ
harass, bother : v = ˈai̯le
harbor : n = ˈθ̥ojɔ
hard, solid, dense : adj = ˈs̥ɔðei̯
harm, abuse, torture, violate : v = ˈot̥ʌ
harvest : n = ˈt̥egei̯
hat, helmet : n = ˈs̥iʒo
hatch : n = ˈgɔve
hate : v = h̥ʌ
haunt : v = ˈzʌvoi̯
have, take, receive, carry, steal, seize, earn, experience, gain, must, have to, rob, snatch, include, gather, absorb, huddle : v = æ
haven, resort : n = ˈdʌje
hawk : n = ˈwox̥ɛ
hay : n = ˈq̊ija
hazard : n = ˈf̥ui̯θ̥ɪ
head : n = k̥a
health : n = ˈʃ̥uq̊a
hear : v = ˈzʌŋʌ
heart : n = ˈiva
heaven, paradise : n = ˈmɛvi
hedge, fence : n = ˈh̥ɛbegʌ
heel : n = ˈgeŋu
height, altitude : n = θ̥ɪ
heir : n = ˈq̊ula
hell : n = ˈʃ̥ɪq̊ʌ
hello : interj = ˈɔji
helmet : n = ˈwole
help, assist, improve, refine, amend : v = ʒʌ
herb : n = ˈðirɔ
here : adv = s̥a
heritage : n = ˈʃ̥ibe
hero, celebrity : n = ˈwep̊ʌ
hide, lurk : v = ˈh̥ilʌ
hike : v = ˈau̯nɛ
hill, mound : n = ˈs̥æh̥ɪ
hint, imply, remind, indicate : v = ˈs̥ei̯gɔ
hip : n = ˈwei̯lɪ
hire, rent : v = ˈlirɛ
hiss : v = ˈau̯lɪ
hit, beat (strike), slap, collide : v = ˈziŋa
hobby : n = ˈijiu̯
hold, support, reinforce, supplement : v = ˈlut̥ɛ
hole, well : n = ˈf̥ebɔ
hollow : adj = ˈædɛʒau̯
holy, sacred : adj = ˈgɛŋu
home : n = ˈjɛp̊ɔ
homeland, motherland : n = ˈei̯k̥ai̯
honest, innocent, wholesome : adj = ˈx̥ajiji
honey : n = ˈlik̥u
honor, integrity, pride : n = ˈek̥æ
hood : n = ˈwʌɣe
hop : v = ˈguq̊ɛ
hope : n = wo
horizon : n = ˈoi̯ðɛ
horn, penis (slang) : n = ˈemɪ
horse : n = ˈjana
hose : n = ˈmʌmɪ
host : n = ˈvau̯p̊a
hot (attractive) : adj = ˈoi̯ŋoi̯
hot, warm : adj = k̥ui̯
hotel : n = ˈajʌ
hour : n = dɛ
house, tribe, clan : n = go
hover, hang : v = ˈvewe
how : adv = gui̯
however : adv = viu̯
hug : v = ˈq̊æq̊ɪ
human : n = vai̯
humble, modest : adj = ˈmijʌ
humor, wit : n = ˈjimæ
hundred : num = bi
hunger : n = ʒai̯
hurl : v = ˈus̥i
hurricane : n = ˈʃ̥idi
hurt, injure, punish : v = ˈmiu̯le
husband : n = ˈgʌp̊ɪ
icon, idol : n = ˈjuf̥iu̯
idea, concept : n = s̥ɛ
identify, point out, establish, diagnose : v = ˈɪðui̯
idiot, fool : n = ˈænibʌ
if : conj = q̊ei̯
ignore, overlook : v = ˈvɪdɔjo
illness : n = ˈɛmʌ
illuminate : v = ˈx̥æmæʃ̥e
illustrate, describe : v = ˈɪt̥o
image : n = ˈs̥ibʌ
imagine, devise, assume, come up with : v = ˈæzade
imitate, mimic, mock : v = ˈt̥ʌp̊au̯
imminent, pending : adj = ˈɣɛnɔɣe
immune : adj = ˈɛge
implant, embed : v = ˈθ̥ɔnæ
import : v = ˈmax̥æ
important : adj = ˈbiʃ̥a
impose : v = ˈgɔmoi̯
impress : v = ˈs̥eŋɛ
improve, enhance : v = ˈk̥uh̥u
impulse : n = ˈai̯wa
in, within, into, inside : prep = p̊a
including : prep = ˈθ̥ɪzɛ
increase, expand, gain : v = ʃ̥iu̯
infect : v = ˈwai̯do
infinite : adj = ˈvei̯zɛ
inflict : v = ˈvulʌ
information, data : n = ˈmiba
inhabit, populate : v = ˈs̥ɪmæ
inherit : v = ˈf̥elɛ
inject : v = ˈjɔɣe
ink : n = ˈp̊alɔ
inn, lodge : n = ˈðʌle
innovate : v = ˈɔɣɪ
inquire : v = ˈmɛbe
insist : v = ˈɣoθ̥ʌ
inspire, influence, encourage : v = ˈot̥ɛ
instant : adj = ˈt̥ɔŋo
instrument : n = ˈbiu̯p̊u
insult : v = ˈui̯mʌ
insure, assure, guarantee, secure : v = ˈx̥ibæ
insurgent : n = ˈs̥au̯f̥au̯
intend : v = ˈs̥ʌs̥ɔ
interest (curiosity, concern) : n = giu̯
interior : n = ˈzagʌ
interrupt, interfere : v = ˈjizɔ
intervene : v = ˈk̥ale
interview : n = ˈf̥uli
intestine : n = ˈmʌʒo
intimate : adj = ˈjoʒɪ
intimidate : v = ˈdaθ̥i
invade : v = ˈɣɛno
invent : v = ˈk̥ei̯mɛ
invest, devote, donate : v = ˈvɔdi
investigate, interrogate : v = ˈgih̥uɣɪ
invite : v = ˈuʒʌ
involve, entail : v = s̥oi̯
irony : n = ˈiu̯f̥i
island : n = ˈðex̥iwɔ
issue, concern : n = ziu̯
jam : n = ˈʒæmegʌ
jaw : n = ˈau̯gæ
jealous : adj = ˈai̯ma
jelly : n = ˈmui̯ja
jerk : v = ˈk̥uðe
jersey, sweater : n = ˈimei̯
jewel, prism : n = ˈðiweŋui̯
job : n = ju
join, marry : v = ʃ̥ui̯
joke : n = ˈx̥æni
journey : n = vel
journey, voyage : n = ˈx̥au̯wei̯
judge : v = ˈɪmiu̯
jump, leap, bounce : v = ˈæbu
jungle : n = ˈh̥uq̊iu̯
just : adv = ʒɛ
justice, tribunal : n = ˈdizi
justify : v = ˈzau̯mɛ
keen, eager : adj = ˈiu̯bi
keep (not return), control : v = ðai̯
keep (save, retain), save : v = s̥ɔ
keep (store), store : v = x̥i
key : n = ˈp̊ɔk̥ɛ
khal : n = ˈfire
kick : v = ˈx̥ʌve
kid : n = ˈwiŋai̯
kidney : n = ˈzɪvɔ
kill, murder : v = ˈq̊ebe
kind, type : n = ˈmevæ
king : n = ˈwajiu̯
kink (sharp twist) : n = ˈmis̥i
kiss : v = ˈɣɪŋa
kit : n = ˈʌk̥o
kitchen, cuisine : n = ˈdau̯joi̯
knee : n = ˈziu̯jiu̯
knife : n = ˈɪt̥ix̥æ
knight : n = ˈije
knock : v = ˈmɪh̥ʌ
know (be acquainted with) : v = u
know (be acquainted with) : v = wɪ
knowledge : n = thil
knowledge : n = ˈvʌlæ
kul : n = ˈspirit
kun : n = law
label, logo : n = ˈei̯s̥ɪ
laboratory : n = ˈf̥æwi
lace : n = ˈʃ̥eŋa
lamb : n = ˈmiʒoi̯
lamp : n = ˈzægu
land : n = lar
land, earth, ground, soil, country (rural area) : n = ˈðex̥i
landlord : n = ˈzobʌ
lar : n = land
large, massive, enormous, huge : adj = lau̯
last (final), last (previous) : adj = p̊o
last (only remaining) : adj = jui̯
late : adj = t̥ai̯
later : adv = p̊ʌ
laugh, chuckle : v = ˈlei̯mɛʃ̥a
launch, embark : v = ˈvɛp̊i
laundry : n = ˈluk̥ʌ
lava : n = ˈæɣai̯
law : n = kun
lawn : n = ˈeɣuɣi
layer : n = ˈlau̯x̥ʌ
lazy : adj = ˈbui̯wai̯
leaf, foliage : n = ˈjiba
lease : n = ˈdɪzoi̯viu̯
least : adv = θ̥o
leave (depart), depart : v = p̊i
leave (let remain), abandon : v = ɣi
lecture, sermon : n = ˈɔde
ledge : n = ˈdos̥ɛ
left : adj = ˈgalæ
leg, foot, lap : n = ˈgoɣe
legend : n = ˈʃ̥uŋa
leisure, recreation : n = ˈujo
lend, loan : v = ˈs̥ebai̯
lesbian : n = ˈlɛðu
less : adv = ˈs̥ɪŋai̯
lesson : n = ˈwuza
let, allow (let), enable : v = jei̯
lethal, fatal : adj = ˈbewai̯mui̯
letter (of an alphabet) : n = ˈibau̯
letter (written document) : n = ˈmap̊i
lettuce : n = ˈt̥ai̯q̊o
level (degree, stage) : n = vo
lever, pedal, knob : n = ˈmʌs̥o
liberate : v = ˈloge
liberty : n = ˈlezei̯
lick : v = ˈwɪmʌ
lie : v = ˈwagɪ
life (lifetime), life (soul) : n = ʒiu̯
light (weight), easy : adj = h̥o
light : n = ˈt̥umo
lightning : n = ˈine
like : prep = da
like, love, enjoy : v = ˈlʌx̥e
limb : n = ˈðæmi
lime : n = ˈjoʒu
limit : n = ˈx̥oi̯dɪ
limp : v = ˈh̥ei̯ðɪje
linen, fabric, textile : n = ˈs̥ɪq̊e
linguistics : n = ˈwei̯ju
link : n = ˈlæwi
lion : n = ˈzoi̯p̊au̯
lip : n = ˈboba
list, menu : n = ˈs̥eziniu̯
listen : v = ˈloru
literature, prose : n = ˈɣere
live : adj = ˈmoi̯q̊e
live, survive : v = p̊ɛ
liver : n = ˈɣai̯i
lizard : n = ˈgeɣu
load : n = ˈɔɣɛ
loaf : n = ˈq̊us̥a
lobby : n = ˈmaju
lobster : n = ˈk̥ek̥ebʌ
local : adj = ˈdæra
lock : n = ˈinoi̯
locker : n = ˈoi̯bu
log : n = ˈɛgæ
long (want for) : v = ˈɣoθ̥o
long : adj = vau̯
look : n = ˈmuf̥i
look out, watch out : v = ˈʒot̥u
look, consider, glance, read, peer, squint : v = ˈɣuq̊ei̯
loop, curve, curl, arc : n = ˈt̥ɔme
loose, easy : adj = ˈjæjʌu
lord : n = ˈdɪbɪ
lose : v = x̥ui̯
loser : n = ˈʒæh̥ai̯
lot : n = f̥ɛ
lottery : n = ˈvaɣu
loud, noisy : adj = ˈlaθ̥awɛ
lounge, couch, sofa : n = ˈɪŋo
louse : n = ˈui̯bo
love, admire : v = ˈæh̥e
loyal : adj = ˈwunih̥i
lucky : adj = ˈɣɛlʌ
luggage, baggage, equipment, apparatus : n = ˈibɪ
lump, knot : n = ˈx̥if̥a
lung : n = ˈbɪt̥ɛ
lure, tempt : v = ˈaŋe
lust : n = ˈluri
luxury : n = ˈlivu
machine, engine, motor : n = ˈk̥igoi̯
mafia, mob : n = ˈɪðɔ
magic : n = ˈmɔmi
magic : n = shal
magnet : n = ˈʃ̥ʌs̥au̯
mail : n = ˈk̥olovæ
main : adj = ˈk̥ujɪ
major : adj = ˈlʌja
make, produce (manufacture), create, compose, establish, induce, put (cause to be) : v = ˈʃ̥au̯mui̯
male, guy : n = ˈvʌx̥ʌ
mall : n = ˈele
mammal : n = ˈʃ̥ep̊ɛ
man, husband, boyfriend : n = ˈdai̯q̊a
manage : v = ˈbuzæðiu̯
mane : n = ˈbæx̥o
manifest : v = ˈk̥uf̥up̊æ
manipulate : v = ˈh̥ei̯mei̯
manner : n = ˈx̥ʌwæ
manual : adj = ˈgamo
manual : n = ˈjomæ
manufacture : v = ˈɣʌdi
many : det = væ
map, menu : n = ˈlebɛ
mar : n = egg
march : v = ˈugi
margin : n = ˈlimʌmi
marinate : v = ˈiði
market : n = f̥ui̯
mass : n = ˈgai
massacre, genocide : n = ˈðaluve
massive, enormous : adj = ˈweq̊ɪ
master : n = ˈðegiu̯lo
masturbate : v = ˈjæwo
mat : n = ˈjau̯bo
match (game), contest : n = ˈmalai̯
mathematics : n = ˈzak̥ɪ
matter (substance, material), content : n = ˈx̥ɪjɛ
matter : v = ˈf̥ɔbʌ
mattress : n = ˈk̥ezau̯
mature, sophisticated, ripe : adj = ˈq̊eŋa
may : v = k̥o
maybe : adv = ˈvuɪ
meal : n = ˈðoi̯maf̥oi̯
mean (intend) : v = jo
mean (signify) : v = ˈɣas̥u
mean : adj = ˈes̥ɔ
measure : v = ˈɪmɔ
meat, animal, fish : n = ˈt̥aju
medal : n = ˈzui̯jai̯
media : n = ˈʒizui̯
meditate : v = ˈɣai̯miu̯
medium : n = ˈiʒʌja
meet, find : v = ɣe
melody, tune : n = ˈɣeje
melt, dissolve : v = ˈk̥us̥æ
member : n = t̥ɔ
memento, souvenir : n = ˈθ̥ɛx̥æ
memoir : n = ˈh̥ɔrui̯
memory : n = ˈɪvowei̯
mention : v = ˈθ̥eɣʌ
merchandise : n = ˈliwɛ
mere : adj = ˈwai̯mo
mess, rubble, debris : n = ˈθ̥ei̯ma
message, note : n = ˈdamiu̯
metal : n = ˈdaðæ
metro : n = ˈwɛnɪ
middle : adj = ˈp̊ævi
midriff : n = ˈs̥au̯ŋo
might : v = ɣæ
migrate : v = ˈk̥emæwa
military : n = ˈozɔ
militia : n = ˈvimɪ
milk, semen : n = ˈɣewi
mill : n = ˈiwʌ
millennium : n = ˈʒɔjo
million : num = x̥æ
mind (thinking faculty), brain : n = ˈf̥ɪp̊i
miniature : adj = ˈwuɣɛ
ministry : n = ˈbiu̯k̥ui̯
minor, petty : adj = ˈɣoŋɪ
minute : n = ˈjilei̯
miracle : n = ˈʒenɪ
miss (long for) : v = ˈt̥ejo
miss (not hit), miss (not take advantage of) : v = ˈgɪræ
mission : n = ˈθ̥ɛp̊ai̯
mistake, error : n = h̥oi̯
moan, sigh : v = ˈɣolɛ
mobile, portable : adj = ˈs̥ivɪ
mock, imitate : v = ˈiu̯lʌ
modify : v = ˈmude
mold : v = ˈθ̥uk̥e
molecule : n = ˈbex̥ɔ
money, coin : n = f̥ɪ
monitor, follow : v = ˈp̊ɪja
monster : n = ˈmoh̥æmi
month : n = vui̯
mood, attitude : n = ˈp̊oɣɛ
moon : n = ˈk̥oi̯ɣɛ
moral, noble : adj = ˈwɔmui̯bo
more : det = h̥æ
morning, dawn, birth : n = ˈbɪme
mosquito : n = ˈou
moss : n = ˈt̥iu̯wʌ
most : adv = q̊ai̯
mother : n = wau̯
mountain : n = xhava
mountain, hill : n = ˈzɔwæ
mouse, rat : n = ˈdibai̯
mouth : n = ˈbau̯wɛ
move : v = lo
much : det = x̥u
mud, swamp : n = ˈlege
mug : n = ˈʃ̥æzo
mule : n = ˈlæʒo
multiply, reproduce : v = ˈoi̯jau̯
mumble : v = ˈvɪlʌ
mural : n = ˈh̥eɛ
murmur, hum : v = ˈbɛma
muscle : n = ˈmura
museum : n = ˈziro
music : n = jɔ
must, have to : v = vu
mustache : n = ˈvæŋʌ
mystery : n = ˈime
myth : n = ˈt̥iu̯zelo
nag : v = ˈjɛnʌ
nail : n = ˈh̥ɔwɔ
naive, ignorant : adj = ˈwap̊ai̯
naked, nude : adj = ˈzaro
name : n = ˈmubɪ
name : n = nar
nar : n = ˈname
nation : n = ˈx̥ægau̯
native : adj = ˈp̊awo
nature, environment (natural world) : n = ˈwumæ
navy : n = ˈx̥ɔgi
near : prep = ˈt̥awa
neat, elegant : adj = ˈf̥uʒu
necessary : adj = ˈilɛjɛ
neck : n = ˈæmi
need (require), need (lack) : v = ja
neglect, overlook : v = ˈðeθ̥ui̯
negotiate : v = ˈh̥aŋɪ
neighbor : n = ˈʃ̥eu
nephew : n = ˈjome
nerve : n = ˈx̥æmɔ
nervous, anxious : adj = ˈzoi̯wɛ
nest : n = ˈt̥ewe
net : n = ˈmet̥au̯
never : adv = miu̯
nevertheless, regardless, even though : adv = ˈθ̥os̥ui̯
news : n = ˈei̯go
next : adj = lɪ
ngan : n = song
nice : adj = ˈdɪt̥iu̯
niche : n = ˈubiu̯
nickname : n = ˈlowazɛ
niece : n = ˈau̯da
night, evening : n = ðiu̯
nine : num = ðo
no : det = iu̯
no : interj = ˈdɛðaɛ
noble : adj = ˈɪlɛ
nod : v = ˈvɔmui̯
nominate : v = ˈɣæf̥ai̯
none : pron = ˈmiwa
noon, midday, lunch : n = ˈmɛgɛ
north : n = q̊au̯
nose, nostril : n = ˈdʌŋʌ
not : adv = ba
nothing : pron = jɪ
notice, detect : v = ˈvinau̯
notify, inform : v = ˈmek̥i
novice : n = ˈvuzugu
now : adv = ˈk̥ʌjɛ
nowadays : adv = ˈlanoi̯
nowhere : adv = ˈt̥oθ̥au̯be
number : n = mau̯
nurse : n = ˈʌðo
nursery : n = ˈgɔɣi
nut : n = ˈq̊ok̥a
nutrition : n = ˈvɛbo
oath : n = ˈzelɔ
obey : v = ˈs̥ɛwi
obscure : adj = ˈjiθ̥oi̯
obsess : v = ˈðubui̯
of : prep = q̊a
off : adv = ˈɣoi̯jini
offend : v = ˈwuθ̥ewu
offer : n = ʒo
officer : n = ˈk̥ɪme
offspring : n = ˈinu
often : adv = p̊e
oil : n = ˈbap̊ui̯
okay : interj = ðu
old : adj = zoi̯
olive : n = ˈs̥ilɔ
on : prep = ʃ̥ɛ
once : adv = ˈlai̯k̥ede
one : num = mɪ
one : pron = mei̯
only : adj = lei̯
only, merely, hardly : adv = ʒui̯
onto : prep = ˈɪŋoi̯
open : v = ɣui̯
operate, behave : v = ˈjowiu̯
opinion : n = ˈbejimu
opposite : adj = ˈguɣɛ
oppress : v = ˈbulɪ
option : n = ˈt̥anɛ
or, either : conj = gɔ
orange : adj = ˈjɛf̥e
orbit, year : n = ˈʃ̥emɛ
orc : n = ˈai̯t̥o
orchard, plantation : n = ˈdɔwop̊a
orchestra : n = ˈgɔzei̯
organ : n = ˈt̥imedu
organize : v = ˈðomɛ
orgasm : n = ˈɔs̥æ
origin : n = ˈjɔx̥æ
ornament, accessory : n = ˈbuju
orphan : n = ˈf̥ep̊æ
other, new, spare : adj = θ̥e
otherwise : adv = ˈviba
out : adv = θ̥a
out : prep = ˈk̥avu
outline : n = ˈvei̯mo
outside : prep = ˈp̊ɔŋɔ
oval : n = ˈbila
oven : n = ˈzivɛ
over : prep = gæ
overdose : n = ˈʒɪs̥o
owe : v = ˈmɔs̥a
owl : n = ˈgef̥ɛe
own : v = k̥ʌ
oxygen : n = ˈmimei̯
oyster : n = ˈf̥aði
pact : n = ˈuf̥ɛ
page : n = ˈɣuθ̥e
pain, wound : n = ˈut̥i
paint : n = ˈloʒi
painting : n = ˈloh̥u
pair : n = ˈane
pan, saucepan : n = ˈt̥agi
pandemic : n = ˈɪɣʌ
panic : v = ˈagɔ
pant : v = ˈmabɛŋo
paper, contract : n = ˈgɛzi
paradox : n = ˈwæf̥u
paragraph, verse : n = ˈɔjɛ
parallel : adj = ˈx̥ɪq̊æ
paralyze : v = ˈx̥ʌbe
parcel, package, bundle : n = ˈgɪʒoi̯
parent : n = ˈp̊if̥ɛ
park : n = ˈf̥æji
parliament : n = ˈjæq̊i
parlor, salon : n = ˈzai̯h̥u
parsley : n = ˈjawɛ
part, portion : n = ˈoi̯mɔ
partner, spouse : n = ˈalei̯jɛ
party : n = ˈɪvʌ
pass, occur : v = jau̯
passenger : n = ˈbezo
passion : n = ˈlamiu̯
passive : adj = ˈp̊ef̥u
past : adj = ˈθ̥oʒigæ
past : n = ˈbovæmɔ
pasta : n = ˈðʌji
paste, cream : n = ˈui̯æ
pastry : n = ˈs̥aq̊u
pat : v = ˈæt̥e
patent : n = ˈɔŋi
path, track, avenue, road : n = ˈliʃ̥i
patient : adj = ˈjep̊æ
patient, victim : n = lui̯
patriot : n = ˈelɪ
patrol : v = ˈvɪʃ̥ɪ
pattern, constellation : n = ˈei̯vɛ
pause, halt : v = ˈlɛp̊o
pave : v = ˈbæf̥ai̯
paw, hoof : n = ˈwaŋʌ
pay, spend : v = ˈak̥e
pea : n = ˈʃ̥ɛmɪ
peace, harmony, melody : n = ˈʌmoi̯
peach : n = ˈh̥uja
peak : n = ˈʃ̥ivɔmi
pear : n = ˈuwi
pearl : n = ˈeŋʌ
peasant : n = ˈwæa
pedestrian : n = ˈʃ̥ɔmo
peek : v = ˈq̊ime
peel : v = ˈguja
penetrate : v = ˈewe
peninsula : n = ˈɪze
penis : n = ˈq̊ʌmiu̯
pepper : n = ˈðɪt̥ɛ
per, for each : prep = ˈp̊ai̯jɛ
perceive : v = ˈʒaji
percent : n = ˈwat̥oi̯
perfection : n = ˈmɛnɛ
perform, behave : v = ˈgɛɣɔla
perfume : n = ˈʌmei̯
perhaps : adv = ˈs̥æq̊ʌ
period (duration of time), season (quarter of the year) : n = ˈlæbæɣe
permanent : adj = ˈʒoʒo
person : n = f̥ʌ
persuade, convince, seduce : v = ˈɪwau̯
pest : n = ˈʒɪbɪ
pet : n = ˈbɪwe
petal : n = ˈei̯i
phat : n = ˈstone
phone : n = zei̯
phrase : n = ˈmau̯ri
physical, tangible : adj = ˈwʌnɛ
piano : n = ˈmas̥ɪbe
pick : n = ˈɔjo
pick : v = ˈf̥ʌk̥ɛ
picnic : n = ˈagoʃ̥e
picture : n = ˈvaðʌ
piece, member, item : n = ˈθ̥ox̥e
pig, pork : n = ˈviʃ̥o
pile, heap : n = ˈwai̯ŋu
pillar, mast : n = ˈiu̯oi̯
pillow : n = p̊ei̯
pin : n = ˈmɔq̊oi̯
pinch : v = ˈus̥æ
pink : adj = ˈmawʌ
pipe, vent : n = ˈwai̯loh̥ɔ
pirate : n = ˈmip̊ʌ
pistol : n = ˈɣaʒo
place, lay, deposit : v = ˈdɔe
place, location, point, site : n = k̥ɔ
plague : n = ˈdau̯x̥u
plain : adj = p̊au̯
plan : n = t̥æ
plane : n = ˈuoi̯
planet : n = ˈjʌθ̥aji
plant : n = ˈvujiu̯
plant, bury, place, embed : v = ˈʃ̥ida
plaque : n = ˈdunɛ
platform : n = ˈwomi
platter : n = ˈʃ̥ɪq̊ɪmɪ
play (have fun), compete : v = ˈk̥uθ̥ui
play (stage play) : n = ˈk̥ai̯f̥æ
please : v = ˈzɪbiu̯
pluck, cull : v = ˈiɣei̯lu
poem, lyrics : n = ˈzox̥i
point : n = ˈwenɛja
poise : v = ˈɣomɔ
poison, venom : n = ˈjʌlɔ
pole, mast, beam : n = ˈf̥eɔ
police : n = dæ
policy : n = ˈθ̥ɪvu
polish : v = ˈbox̥ɛ
polite : adj = ˈp̊aje
politics : n = ˈh̥iu̯nɛ
pollute, contaminate : v = ˈs̥ui̯mi
pond : n = ˈbai̯bɪrai̯
pool : n = ˈt̥ɔva
poor : adj = ˈk̥uvui̯
popular : adj = ˈzɪðau̯
porch, veranda, terrace : n = ˈebʌ
pork : n = ˈviðʌðu
pornography : n = ˈx̥ef̥i
port : n = ˈjawa
pose : v = ˈmæʃ̥a
position (location) : n = ˈɪja
possess : v = ˈone
possible, plausible : adj = ˈvora
post : n = ˈæɣɛ
post : v = ˈmædæ
posture (bodily position) : n = ˈiu̯vau̯
pottery : n = ˈleh̥i
poultry : n = ˈmoq̊u
pour : v = ˈjep̊ʌ
power, strength, leverage : n = ˈθ̥ʌjo
practical, pragmatic : adj = ˈwɛmæ
practice : v = ˈt̥uja
praise, endorse : v = ˈwila
pray : v = ˈɣʌʒɪ
precious : adj = ˈejeʃ̥ɪ
prefer, favor : v = ˈzʌx̥o
pregnant : adj = ˈh̥ugiʒi
prejudice, bias : n = ˈbuðɪ
premier : adj = ˈau̯ʒiu̯
premiere : n = ˈdei̯bidɔ
premise, thesis : n = ˈmɪwai̯
prepare, train, brace : v = ˈzat̥u
present (time) : n = ˈɣojʌ
present, gift : n = f̥iu̯
present, introduce : v = ˈp̊ʌlɔ
prestige : n = ˈes̥oi̯
pretty : adj = q̊u
previous : adj = ˈk̥ɪf̥ɛ
prey : n = ˈq̊iu̯wɛ
price, fee, bill, check, tariff : n = ˈzei̯ʒɪ
priest : n = ˈjui̯ɔ
princess : n = ˈp̊ih̥u
print : v = ˈʃ̥ebi
priority : n = ˈmɪh̥u
prison, jail, dungeon : n = ˈgirʌ
private : adj = θ̥au̯
probable : adj = ˈx̥os̥ʌ
probe : v = ˈp̊ai̯mi
problem : n = mu
process, procedure : n = va
professor : n = ˈq̊ɔx̥i
profit : n = ˈzɔgɔ
profit : n = ʒei̯
program : n = ˈmei̯θ̥a
project : n = bui̯
promise, assure, convince : v = ˈt̥uf̥ɪ
proof : n = ˈk̥ɛgæ
propaganda : n = ˈθ̥owa
property : n = ˈdile
prophet : n = ˈmira
prosecute : v = ˈs̥ɛlɪlai̯
prostitute, whore : n = ˈʌŋɛ
protagonist : n = ˈgɔk̥aɣʌ
protection : n = ˈzone
protest, resist, prevent : v = ˈzʌðʌ
prototype : n = ˈbɛk̥u
proverb : n = ˈuŋɛ
province, territory : n = ˈlui̯p̊oi̯
pub, bar (pub), inn : n = ˈuve
public : n = ˈei̯x̥i
publish : v = ˈmɪna
puddle : n = ˈmazo
pull : v = ˈmɪmibi
pulse : n = ˈx̥ui̯bɛ
pump : n = ˈt̥awi
pumpkin : n = ˈvʌniu̯
punch : v = ˈp̊ɔjuje
puppet : n = ˈlida
pure, authentic, clean, wholesome : adj = ˈiu̯we
purple : adj = ˈt̥egɪ
push, shove, press : v = ˈp̊ʌq̊o
put (place), install : v = dai̯
puzzle, maze : n = ˈʃ̥ʌh̥a
pyramid, cone : n = ˈoq̊ɔ
power: n = 'q̊ana
qualify : v = ˈgæθ̥i
quality : n = ˈoðui̯
queen : n = t̥ɛ
question : n = ˈɔva
quiet, subtle : adj = ˈɔwæ
quit, give up : v = ˈx̥iŋui̯
quote : v = ˈomai̯
rabbit : n = ˈwɪgɛ
race (competition), marathon : n = ˈzimave
race (ethnicity), ethnicity : n = ˈjeɣæ
rage : n = ran
raid : n = ˈai̯h̥a
rail : n = ˈimʌ
rain, shower : n = mai̯
raise, boost, escalate : v = ˈwanɔmo
rake : n = ˈs̥ax̥ɪ
rally : v = ˈmemʌ
ran : n = ˈrage
random : adj = ˈjak̥ui̯
range, spectrum, extent : n = ˈdɔŋa
rank (military), rank (position) : n = ˈs̥emei̯
rank (position), hierarchy : n = ˈwoi̯jɔt̥a
rape : v = ˈwuŋi
rare, funny : adj = ˈʃ̥ɛdi
rat : n = ˈmak̥e
rate : v = ˈmejæ
raul : n = ˈancient
raw : adj = ˈh̥ɪq̊ɔ
ray (of light), radius : n = ˈæp̊oi̯
reach : v = ðɪ
ready : adj = ˈɣoi̯o
real, authentic : adj = jæ
realize : v = ˈzɔvæ
reason, logic, rationale : n = ˈliga
rebel, guerrilla : n = ˈdok̥i
receipt : n = ˈguh̥ɪ
receive, collect, accumulate : v = bau̯
recent : adj = ˈp̊ulæ
reception (of office or hotel) : n = ˈlema
recession : n = ˈwau̯jai̯
recipe, formula : n = ˈwup̊oi̯
recite : v = ˈʌzia
recognize : v = ˈɛθ̥u
recommend, advise, suggest : v = ˈdiʃ̥ɛ
reconcile : v = ˈɣɔwɔ
record (written account), contract : n = t̥ʌ
recycle : v = ˈgɔbɪ
red : adj = ˈbɪt̥ei̯lu
reef : n = ˈk̥ibo
refer, attribute : v = ˈzeba
referendum : n = ˈt̥ejavɔ
reflect : v = ˈjæʒi
refuse : v = ˈʌh̥ʌs̥e
regard, deem : v = ˈbei̯p̊ɛ
region : n = ˈmɔŋi
register, book : v = ˈt̥is̥ɛ
regret, lament : v = ˈx̥ɛf̥a
rehearse : v = ˈwiwoi̯
reject, vomit, veto : v = ˈwɔðæ
relate, affiliate, correlate, assign, refer : v = ˈs̥ujuðɔ
relax : v = ˈjai̯ne
release, let go, let out : v = ˈlui̯wʌq̊iu̯
relevant : adj = ˈminɛ
relieve : v = ˈʃ̥izɛθ̥iu̯
religion : n = ˈæboɣi
reluctant : adj = ˈune
remains, remnant : n = ˈjʌmæɣu
remark : v = ˈʃ̥ɛvu
remove, take out, deprive, take away, erase, evacuate : v = ˈjɪp̊ɪx̥ɛ
repeat : v = ˈf̥ubʌ
replace, substitute : v = ˈɣenoi̯
replicate : v = ˈt̥æh̥a
report : v = mui̯
reptile : n = ˈei̯ŋo
request, appeal : v = ˈgox̥ɛ
require, lack, oblige : v = ˈjɔɣʌ
research : n = ˈs̥awu
resemble : v = ˈʒei̯ni
resent : v = ˈf̥ai̯ŋʌ
reserve : v = ˈzoɣuðæ
resident : n = ˈweʒe
resource : n = ˈθ̥ui̯joŋei̯
respect, admire : v = ˈs̥ime
respond, reply : v = ˈowa
rest, nap : v = ˈɛvʌ
restrain : v = ˈgeɣi
restrict : v = ˈx̥iga
result, outcome : n = ˈɪdo
retire : v = ˈθ̥umui̯
retreat : v = ˈau̯zei̯
retrieve, bring back, fetch : v = ˈloi̯wui̯
return, go back, replace : v = ˈvævi
reveal, confess : v = ˈdui̯rɔbɪ
revenge : n = ˈvɛma
reverse : adj = ˈɣai̯s̥a
review : v = ˈwai̯vau̯
revise, amend : v = ˈx̥uvɛ
revolution : n = ˈliu̯ðe
reward, prize, award : n = ˈzole
rhythm : n = ˈjai̯du
rib : n = ˈai̯ŋu
rice : n = ˈʌf̥oi̯
rich : adj = ˈp̊ɔjɔ
ride : v = ˈp̊up̊o
ridicule, humiliate : v = ˈinɛx̥ɔ
rifle : n = ˈzoŋi
right (direction) : adj = t̥iu̯
right, correct, appropriate, moral : adj = zʌ
right, entitlement, privilege, license : n = ˈs̥ize
rigorous : adj = ˈp̊adʌ
rin : n = ˈpower
ring : n = ˈʃ̥ɪwɔ
ring : v = ˈh̥iwæ
riot : n = ˈvɛba
rise, lift : v = x̥ɔ
risk, trouble : n = ˈlɛnɪ
rival : n = ˈq̊ɛdi
river, creek : n = vɪ
road, street, avenue, artery, pavement : n = ˈiwui̯
roam, prowl : v = ˈʌmik̥i
roar : v = ˈf̥ʌza
roast : v = ˈzʌt̥i
robe, gown : n = ˈau̯bu
rock (move back and forth) : v = ˈip̊ɔ
rock, stone, gravel : n = dui̯
rod, shaft, bar : n = ˈθ̥ip̊u
rodent, mouse : n = ˈei̯wo
roll, revolve, rotate : v = ˈjoɣiu̯
romance : n = ˈs̥ɔwu
roof, ceiling, maximum : n = ˈʒijei̯
rookie : n = ˈθ̥umɪ
room (of house) : n = ˈðubɪzi
room (space), capacity : n = mɛ
root : n = ˈʃ̥awe
rope, string, line : n = ˈq̊ori
rose : n = ˈk̥æt̥au̯
rough : adj = ˈai̯wʌ
round : adj = ˈɔp̊ʌ
route : n = ˈmei̯rɪ
row : n = ˈɪnei̯
row : v = ˈeθ̥ui̯
rubber : n = ˈp̊elo
rubble, debris : n = ˈwat̥ɔ
rude, nasty : adj = ˈs̥eri
ruffle : v = ˈʃ̥ibai̯
rugged : adj = ˈʒop̊æme
ruin : v = ˈɣif̥es̥i
rule (law, regulation), law : n = ˈgɛwaf̥i
rule, reign : v = q̊ui̯
rumor : n = ˈɪjau̯
run : v = ˈɛboi̯
rust : n = ˈθ̥oi̯s̥au̯
sad : adj = ˈjʌwi
saddle : n = ˈilo
safe, immune : adj = ˈh̥oθ̥æ
sail, cruise : v = ˈgau̯a
sal : n = ˈscale
salad : n = ˈk̥iɣɛ
salary : n = ˈɔæ
salt, spice : n = ˈʃ̥ʌθ̥ʌ
same : adj = ˈmæɣa
sample : n = ˈk̥eŋe
sanctuary, haven : n = ˈf̥ʌwʌ
sand, dirt, pornography : n = ˈzau̯lui̯
sap : n = ˈmʌjɪ
satisfy, indulge : v = ˈx̥ɪʃ̥a
sauce, juice : n = ˈjɔmɛ
sausage : n = ˈʃ̥ɛe
save (put aside) : v = ˈðei̯x̥a
save, rescue : v = ˈjoi̯jo
saw : n = ˈwagɛ
say, express : v = ɔ
scale (instrument for weighing) : n = ˈgɛre
scale (skin of reptiles) : n = ˈbiɛ
scale : n = sal
scan : v = ˈʌt̥a
scandal : n = ˈðalu
scar, crater : n = ˈjax̥ɔ
scarce : adj = ˈgɛba
scare, frighten, startle : v = ˈguzʌ
scared, afraid, nervous, anxious : adj = ˈawu
scarf : n = ˈwei̯lajiu̯
scene : n = ˈjedai̯
school, academy : n = f̥e
science : n = ˈmæmoi̯
scissors : n = ˈwaʃ̥i
scope, extent : n = ˈæðʌ
scout : n = ˈʒeʃ̥ui̯
scramble : v = ˈzot̥ɔ
scrap : n = ˈai̯h̥æɣai̯
scratch, scrape, rub, stroke, massage, scoop : v = ˈimɪ
scream : v = ˈedæ
screen : n = ˈbɛle
screw : n = ˈmɪʃ̥ɛ
screw : v = ˈq̊oθ̥ei̯
scrub : v = ˈai̯boi̯
sea, ocean : n = ˈmɔvei̯
search, look up, investigate, hunt, stalk, seek, audit : v = ˈwei̯lɛ
seat, chair, lounge, couch, sofa, stool (seat) : n = ˈzinʌ
seaweed : n = ˈzabɔ
second (time), moment : n = ˈjumu
second : num = wɔ
secret : n = syl
secret : n = ˈvawai̯
section, segment, piece, portion : n = ˈjap̊e
security : n = ˈei̯bɔ
see, understand, grasp, perceive, recognize, foresee, anticipate, predict : v = zɔ
seem, appear : v = s̥æ
seizure : n = ˈðuʒɪ
selfish : adj = ˈh̥ɛwuq̊i
sell : v = ˈmazi
semen : n = ˈθ̥ɛbɛ
send : v = ʃ̥ɪ
sense : n = ˈwogi
sensible : adj = ˈuh̥ɪ
sentence : n = ˈup̊u
separate, divide, isolate, segregate : v = ˈs̥ɪðʌ
sequence, order : n = ˈbei̯mɪ
serial : adj = ˈʌk̥ʌ
series : n = ˈweziu̯
serious, severe, sober : adj = ˈʌq̊e
servant, waiter, maid : n = ˈjale
serve : v = ˈɣamɪ
set : v = ʒɪ
set up : v = ˈau̯bʌ
settle, stay : v = ˈvui̯woi̯
seven : num = θ̥ʌ
several : det = ˈʒʌt̥ɛ
sew : v = ˈk̥emiŋui̯
sewage : n = ˈq̊ɔf̥e
sex : n = ˈp̊ibɪ
shade, hue, umbrella : n = ˈh̥au̯f̥ʌmiu̯
shadow : n = ˈjup̊o
shake, rattle, shudder, shiver : v = ˈɣawi
magic : n = shal
shame, stigma : n = ˈt̥ep̊e
shape, pattern : n = ˈʒelʌ
share, divide : v = ˈmɔlʌ
shark : n = ˈʒai̯læ
sharp, steep : adj = ˈf̥ɪjɔ
shed : n = ˈvɪmobo
sheep : n = ˈʃ̥unɛ
sheet, membrane : n = ˈjeʒoi̯
shelf, rack, counter (flat, elevated surface) : n = ˈp̊ai̯jɪ
shell : n = ˈjup̊i
shelter, shack : n = ˈθ̥ula
shift : v = ˈwɛveŋɔ
shine, glare : v = ˈɣaɣe
ship : n = ˈmɛʒu
shirt, blouse : n = ˈjʌt̥o
shit : n = ˈf̥ɔq̊o
shock, startle : v = ˈθ̥ʌŋɛ
shoe : n = ðui̯
shooting star : n = ˈʃ̥ʌrɛ
shore, coast, beach, rib : n = ˈs̥if̥ɛ
short, low : adj = t̥au̯
should : v = h̥ɪ
shoulder : n = ˈdui̯nɪ
shout, yell : v = ˈalɛwe
shovel : n = ˈbis̥ɔ
show (performance) : n = ˈk̥oʃ̥i
show off : v = ˈot̥ɪ
show, demonstrate : v = ˈwau̯ði
shrimp : n = ˈlɪmo
shrine : n = ˈðirʌ
shrub, bush : n = ˈgɪjɛ
shrug : v = ˈvʌmiu̯
shuffle : v = ˈq̊is̥ʌ
shy : adj = ˈgʌji
sibling : n = ˈwai̯mi
sick, ill, unwell : adj = ˈmida
side, border, boundary, perimeter : n = f̥æ
siege : n = ˈmiθ̥o
sign, signal, alarm, siren : n = gai̯
significant : adj = ˈlæʃ̥ɪ
silent : adj = ˈʃ̥oli
silk, thread : n = ˈt̥æt̥a
silly, absurd : adj = ˈp̊ʌmi
silver : n = ˈuwæ
similar : adj = ˈt̥ɔzɪ
simple : adj = ˈdos̥ɛræ
sin : n = ˈθ̥it̥ɪle
since : conj = voi̯
sincere, earnest : adj = ˈlɪrui̯
single : adj = ˈɣiŋe
sink, descend : v = ˈθ̥ip̊a
sister : n = ˈjei̯gu
sit : v = la
situate : v = ˈk̥aŋɪ
situation (circumstances, context) : n = ˈɣizo
six : num = zɪ
size : n = ˈs̥agɔ
skate : v = ˈɔje
skeleton, carcass : n = ˈiwɪ
skeptic, cynic : n = ˈvejɪ
sketch : n = ˈʒef̥a
skill, talent, craft : n = ˈdelu
skin, leather : n = ˈx̥omoi̯
skinny : adj = ˈjidi
skip, skim : v = ˈʒinaɣi
skirt : n = ˈjʌmei̯
skull : n = ˈq̊ɛh̥e
sky : n = ˈɛt̥ɔ
sky : n = ˈθ̥an
slave, servant : n = ˈq̊uk̥e
sleep : v = ˈujoi̯
slice, portion : n = ˈiu̯s̥e
slide, slip, skid : v = ˈs̥ʌʒæ
sling : n = ˈʒui̯θ̥oi̯jæ
slogan : n = ˈɛlɔ
slope, slant, ramp, bank (river) : n = ˈʃ̥oðe
slow : adj = ˈzoja
small, little, short, low, narrow : adj = ˈau̯q̊o
smart, intelligent, clever : adj = ˈθ̥ɛbai̯p̊u
smash, shatter, destroy : v = ˈt̥iwi
smell (emit odor), stink : v = ˈmaba
smell (sense with nose) : v = ˈdɛnɛrʌ
smile : v = ˈik̥i
smirk : v = ˈf̥æza
smoke : n = ˈeh̥æ
smooth, sleek : adj = ˈgʌɣʌŋa
smuggle : v = ˈlʌjui̯
snack : n = ˈmai̯mɪ
snake : n = ˈf̥ʌmu
snap : v = ˈzat̥ɛ
sneak, lurk : v = ˈdɛp̊ɛ
sneeze : v = ˈjiu̯t̥ɔ
sniff, inhale : v = ˈθ̥adɪ
snow : n = ˈzigɛ
so : adv = bɪ
soak, saturate, irrigate : v = ˈf̥egɪ
soap : n = ˈvɛɣoi̯
sob : v = ˈʌwoi̯
social : adj = ˈidau̯
society : n = f̥ɔ
sock : n = ˈzɪgu
soft : adj = ˈdæde
soil : n = ˈzari
sun : n = sol
soldier : n = ˈk̥ʌminʌ
sole, lone : adj = ˈt̥iwe
solve, figure out, calculate : v = ˈɣau̯wæ
someone, somebody : pron = ɣei̯
something : pron = ɣiu̯
sometimes : adv = ˈwap̊e
somewhat, fairly, pretty, quite, rather : adv = ˈmʌs̥ɛ
song : n = ngan
song : n = θ̥æ
soon : adv = ˈeq̊ʌ
sore : adj = ˈmʌlo
sorrow : n = ˈx̥ʌvæ
sorry : adj = ˈt̥udai̯
sort : v = ˈwidɪ
soul : n = ˈuθ̥æ
sound, noise, music : n = k̥ai̯
soup : n = ˈjɛŋɪ
sour : adj = ˈmʌwa
source, fountain, oasis : n = ˈθ̥ou
south : n = θ̥ai̯
spa (mineral spring), resort : n = ˈeŋe
space (beyond Earth) : n = ˈt̥ai̯k̥a
space (empty area), room (space) : n = ˈbif̥ɪ
spank, smack, snap : v = ˈzit̥ɔ
spark : n = ˈego
spasm : n = ˈvaziθ̥u
spear, lance, pike, dart : n = ˈs̥æp̊if̥ʌ
special, unique : adj = ˈawau̯
species, breed : n = ˈwiq̊ʌ
specific, definite, particular : adj = ˈq̊ære
specimen : n = ˈmɔk̥au̯
speculate, wonder : v = ˈabɪ
speed, velocity : n = ˈbudi
spell (of magic) : n = ˈbuge
spell : v = ˈledæ
spend : v = k̥ɛ
spice : n = ˈʒos̥e
spider : n = ˈjux̥ɪ
spike, thorn : n = ˈai̯vu
spill : v = ˈɣoi̯t̥ɛ
spin, swirl : v = ˈlɛme
spinach : n = ˈʃ̥ɛa
spirit : n = kul
spirit : n = ˈmʌʃ̥e
spit : v = ˈwɛŋi
splash, spray : v = ˈjʌjei̯
split, divide, crack : v = ˈp̊imæ
spoil : v = ˈðiɣa
sponge : n = ˈminonɔ
sponsor : v = ˈjoi̯jæ
spontaneous : adj = ˈwiθ̥i
spoon : n = ˈulo
sport : n = ˈwʌmɔ
spot : n = ˈx̥ilɔ
spread, scatter : v = ˈjorɪ
spring (coil) : n = ˈjiu̯jei̯
spring (season) : n = ˈq̊oɣɪ
spur : n = ˈwap̊iu̯k̥ei̯
spy : n = ˈbame
square : n = ˈebu
squat, perch : v = ˈit̥ewæ
squeeze, clutch : v = ˈmoðɛ
squirrel : n = ˈzɛjʌ
stab, pierce, penetrate, prick : v = ˈðizit̥ei̯
stable, steady, calm, safe : adj = ˈf̥idu
stack : v = ˈjih̥i
staff : n = ˈjik̥e
stage : n = θ̥ui̯
stain, contaminate : v = ˈɣaðuf̥ɛ
stake : n = ˈmeŋɪ
stalemate : n = ˈgowe
stall, kiosk : n = ˈθ̥ɔjejo
stamp, press : v = ˈbɪli
stand : n = ˈk̥ijɛ
stand : v = t̥ui̯
staple : n = ˈɪɣɔ
star, celebrity : n = ˈt̥imʌ
stare, glare : v = ˈs̥au̯bui̯
start, begin : v = ʃ̥o
starve : v = ˈq̊uh̥i
state (condition), condition (state) : n = ˈjɛzi
state (province, country) : n = p̊æ
state, declare, affirm : v = ˈzɪwɛ
static : adj = ˈzɔq̊a
station (railroad, bus) : n = ˈmax̥i
statistic : n = ˈwinæ
stay : n = ˈjuʒʌ
steal, kidnap : v = ˈʃ̥ai̯mæ
steam : n = ˈwus̥ebiu̯
steel, iron : n = ˈmeðe
steer, navigate : v = ˈwex̥e
stem : n = ˈizɛ
step (footstep) : n = ˈewoi̯
step (one level of stairs) : n = ˈʃ̥oi̯h̥ɪf̥e
stereotype : n = ˈp̊ɪme
stew : n = ˈðina
stick, bat (club) : n = ˈɣezigʌ
stick, cling : v = x̥oi̯
still : adv = ˈzɛp̊ɔ
stir, mix, join : v = ˈmeʒɪ
stitch : n = ˈp̊ivuh̥au̯
stock : n = ˈlaja
stoke : v = ˈadɪ
stomach, gut, belly : n = ˈʌwa
stone : n = 'p̊at
stop : v = ˈau̯ɣo
store, shop, office : n = ˈʌzɪvui̯
storm, hurricane : n = ˈbozɔ
story, fable, plot : n = ˈbæt̥o
straight, steep : adj = ˈwaruf̥ʌ
strategy (plan) : n = ˈx̥ei̯ezai̯
strawberry : n = ˈθ̥aɣæ
stream, creek : n = ˈuʃ̥ai̯
strength : n = ban
stress, emphasize : v = ˈmuŋo
stretch : v = ˈzuwa
string, cord, strand : n = ˈviðo
strip : v = ˈelo
stripe, strip, ribbon, tape : n = ˈlogo
stroke : v = ˈmejɔ
structure, system : n = ˈmoʒu
struggle, wrestle : v = ˈwip̊a
stubborn : adj = ˈʒaŋi
student : n = ˈwɛθ̥e
study, learn : v = ˈjau̯ŋau̯
stump : n = ˈæh̥i
stun : v = ˈboʌ
stupid, dumb, dull, silly : adj = ˈzat̥i
sturdy : adj = ˈx̥elæ
style, kind : n = ˈzɔs̥ɛ
suburb : n = ˈf̥ɪf̥o
successful : adj = ˈaq̊i
such : det = ˈzau̯ʒɪ
suck : v = ˈp̊ebæ
sudden, abrupt, swift : adj = ˈmɪvæ
suffocate : v = ˈk̥ewɛ
sugar : n = ˈimiu̯
suggest, imply : v = ˈbægui̯
suit, costume, dress : n = ˈziwi
suitcase : n = ˈh̥ɛf̥ui̯
sum, score : n = ˈwai̯bau̯
summary : n = ˈloi̯ʒe
summer : n = p̊ai̯
summon, call (request the attendance of) : v = ˈui̯mɛ
sun : n = ʃ̥ɔ
sun : n = sol
supervise : v = ˈmiθ̥ɪ
supervisor : n = ˈʃ̥ɪŋoʒɛ
suppress, inhibit, muffle : v = ˈbip̊ʌnɔ
surf : n = ˈdʌbɔ
surface, skin : n = ˈjɛme
surgery : n = ˈdelo
surpass : v = ˈh̥ɪx̥ɔ
surprise, astonish, shock, startle : v = ˈmɔwɪ
surrender, give up : v = ˈmei̯h̥e
surround : v = ˈzɛba
survey : n = ˈθ̥ænei̯
suspect, assume, presume : v = ˈmɔs̥u
sustain : v = ˈt̥it̥i
swallow : v = ˈðize
sway, convince : v = ˈluji
sweat : v = ˈɣibɪ
sweep : v = ˈk̥uq̊iu̯
sweet, delicious : adj = ˈlæzu
sweetheart : n = ˈs̥aŋɔ
swim : v = ˈgede
swing : v = ˈei̯noi̯
switch : n = ˈʌa
sword, blade : n = ˈboq̊a
syl : n = ˈsecret
symbol, flag, motif : n = ˈzeʒe
syrup : n = ˈzimɔ
system : n = ˈʒox̥æ
tab : n = ˈvoi̯p̊a
table, plateau : n = ˈlau̯θ̥a
tablet, slab, portion : n = ˈdɛgimʌ
tackle : v = ˈx̥iɣe
tactic : n = ˈʃ̥ɔdi
tag : n = ˈθ̥uai̯
tail : n = ˈomau̯
tailor : n = ˈjezi
take apart, dismantle : v = ˈmui̯vono
take, bring, lead, fetch, deliver, direct, conduct, transfer : v = ʒa
tal : n = ˈtale
tale : n = tal
talent : n = ˈmæro
talk, speak, pronounce : v = vɛ
tall : adj = ˈɣubɔ
tangle, wrestle : v = ˈdiq̊o
tap (faucet), valve : n = ˈai̯dɪ
target, purpose, reason, rationale : n = ˈuŋiu̯
task, chore : n = s̥iu̯
taste : v = ˈk̥ʌk̥o
tattoo : n = ˈvirɛ
tax, tariff : n = ˈf̥it̥eɣɛ
taxi, cab : n = ˈθ̥of̥ɔ
tea : n = ˈjejuwi
teach, instruct, educate, train : v = ˈx̥ɪŋi
team, gang : n = s̥ʌ
tear : n = ˈɪdi
tear, rip : v = ˈwai̯x̥e
tease, flirt : v = ˈdɛwa
technology : n = ˈq̊eq̊i
teenager, adolescent : n = ˈvɔðɛ
fate : n = tel
tell, speak, announce, declare, confess, notify, inform, order, alert : v = a
temper : n = ˈʃ̥ibo
temperature : n = ˈjɔθ̥ɪ
temple, church, shrine : n = ˈɣɛzɛ
temporary, brief : adj = ˈmaja
ten : num = bæ
tenant : n = ˈf̥ei̯nu
tense : n = ˈbɛwo
tense, stiff, tight, narrow : adj = ˈwæθ̥e
tent : n = ˈau̯q̊au̯p̊o
terminate : v = ˈlæjona
terror : n = ˈjex̥a
test : n = ˈlɛwulɪ
test, analyze, inspect, scrutinize, examine, audit : v = ˈjimo
text, document, prose : n = ˈbilʌ
than : conj = wa
sky : n = than
thank, praise, worship : v = ˈeq̊a
that : adv = ˈodo
that : conj = ɣai̯
that : dem = mɔ
theater, arena : n = ˈwoðæ
then : adv = ˈq̊oda
theory, thesis : n = ˈlau̯ʃ̥ui̯
therapy, remedy : n = ˈgerʌ
there : adv = ʒe
therefore, thus : adv = ˈobɛ
thick, fat, obese : adj = ˈk̥ʌʃ̥ɔ
thief : n = ˈjæŋa
knowledge : n = ˈthil
thin (narrow) : adj = ˈʒux̥ɛge
thin (slender), slim : adj = s̥e
thing, stuff, matter (substance, material), object, item : n = t̥e
think, figure out, deem, consider, believe, expect, ponder, deduce, anticipate, assume, presume : v = ɛ
third : num = ˈɛŋi
this : dem = t̥o
thousand : num = f̥i
thread, strand : n = ˈx̥ɔq̊o
threat : n = ˈs̥egei̯
three : num = ge
throne : n = ˈaq̊ɛ
through : prep = mi
throughout : prep = ˈɔzui̯
throw, toss, hurl, fling, cast, shoot, propel, fire (detonate weapon), blast : v = ˈðuðe
thrust, propel : v = ˈʒox̥a
thunder : n = ˈɣʌjiwa
ticket : n = ˈðɪʒeq̊æ
tide : n = ˈk̥ijʌ
tie, attach, stick : v = ˈðowi
tie, knot : n = ˈjɛmu
tiger : n = ˈjebɔ
tilt : v = ˈit̥ʌ
time : n = dal
time, age : n = zi
tin : n = ˈs̥ʌlʌ
tire : n = ˈʃ̥ih̥oi̯
tired (needing sleep), tired (needing rest) : adj = p̊iu̯
title : n = ˈp̊ɛθ̥æx̥ʌ
to, towards : prep = f̥u
today : adv = ˈðama
toddler : n = ˈθ̥ei̯rɛ
together : adv = s̥o
toilet : n = ˈvei̯s̥a
tolerate : v = ˈlɛk̥ilɔ
tomorrow : adv = ˈwijau̯
tone, pitch, hue : n = ˈzova
tongue, language, dialect, voice : n = ˈuŋuji
too, so, very, really, also, as well : adv = di
tool, weapon : n = ˈk̥iθ̥o
tooth : n = ˈʃ̥ɛza
top (clothing) : n = ˈɣilʌvɔ
top, mountain, lid : n = ˈs̥æʒoɣɛ
topic, theme : n = ˈbʌwæ
torch : n = ˈei̯ga
tornado : n = ˈt̥ʌræ
torso : n = ˈɣɪðudi
torture, oppress : v = ˈf̥it̥a
toss : v = ˈzoi
total : n = ˈʌx̥ʌwe
touch, feel (sense by touch) : v = ˈʒoi̯ni
tough, robust : adj = ˈai̯ʒu
towel, napkin : n = ˈʒoŋɛja
town, city : n = wæ
trade : n = ˈt̥ɪk̥e
trade : v = ˈʌdi
traffic : n = ˈðuga
tragedy, disaster : n = ˈau̯rui̯
trail : n = ˈx̥ɪf̥ɛ
trailer : n = ˈʃ̥oi̯ʒui̯
train : n = ˈðiθ̥ɛ
transcend : v = ˈmurau̯
transport : n = ˈjare
trap, bait : n = ˈmɔji
trauma : n = ˈmis̥ei̯
travel : v = ˈboi̯ʒæ
tread, step on : v = ˈvojis̥u
treason : n = ˈebɔ
treasure : n = ˈʒɛliu̯
treat : v = ˈæŋi
tree, wood : n = ˈʃ̥ai̯dʌbo
tremble, shiver, vibrate : v = ˈibæ
trench : n = ˈðæmæ
trend : n = ˈoru
trial : n = ˈθ̥ʌjɪ
triangle : n = ˈwix̥æ
tribe, kin : n = ˈθ̥alo
tribunal : n = q̊ɪ
tribute : n = ˈax̥o
trick, deceive : v = ˈt̥if̥æ
trigger : n = ˈzida
trillion : num = ˈt̥ezi
trip, fall, stumble, slip : v = ˈʃ̥ɛf̥ei̯ŋi
trip, tour : n = ˈgoi̯ri
triple : adj = ˈq̊ɔne
trivia : n = ˈzuh̥eɣi
trophy : n = ˈt̥uji
tropical : adj = ˈʃ̥aθ̥u
trousers, pants : n = ˈlʌt̥o
trumpet : n = ˈolɛzu
trunk (of tree) : n = ˈp̊uzʌ
trust, rely on : v = ˈobæ
truth : n = ˈau̯gi
truth : n = ghol
try (attempt), attempt : v = ˈjɪgæ
try (strive), strive : v = ʒi
try (test out), test : v = ve
tub, bath : n = ˈzumu
tumble, topple : v = ˈt̥aviu̯
tuna : n = ˈvei̯ŋui̯
tunnel : n = ˈʒai̯bo
turmoil : n = ˈlau̯zo
turn on : v = ˈp̊as̥ɛ
turn, rotate, wind : v = ðɔ
tusk : n = ˈs̥ʌma
twin : n = ˈh̥eri
twist, distort : v = ˈoi̯ɣɛ
two : num = ji
ugly : adj = ˈzeri
uncle : n = ˈðɛmo
uncover : v = ˈzɛlɪ
under, below : prep = au̯
understand, realize, comprehend, fathom : v = lʌ
uniform : n = ˈɣis̥æ
unit : n = ˈmave
universe : n = ˈh̥oŋʌ
university : n = ˈbʌŋiu̯
unless : conj = ˈgɛθ̥ɪ
until : conj = zui̯
up : adv = bei̯
update : n = ˈæri
upon : prep = ˈjʌŋɔ
upset, bother, disturb : v = ˈai̯p̊a
urge : n = ˈoðæðɪ
urine : n = ˈmʌq̊u
urn : n = ˈgoi̯bɛ
use, utilize, exploit : v = t̥oi̯
usher : n = ˈlɔk̥a
usual : adj = ˈviu̯vi
vacant : adj = ˈjilʌ
vacation : n = ˈmʌvɪ
vagina : n = ˈolau̯
vague, fuzzy : adj = ˈmɔai̯
val : n = wing
valid : adj = ˈp̊ɛmɪ
valley, canyon : n = ˈajɛ
value : v = wai̯
vanilla : n = ˈjobu
vanish, disappear : v = ˈmɛŋæ
various : adj = ˈvok̥oi̯mei̯
vegetable : n = le
vehicle : n = ˈmærozi
veil : n = ˈɛbai̯
vein : n = ˈzah̥o
journey : n = vel
venue : n = ˈf̥ogæ
version : n = ˈʃ̥umi
versus : prep = ˈk̥ɛp̊ʌ
very, really : adv = ˈbozi
vest : n = ˈq̊ʌŋe
veteran : n = ˈjif̥ugʌ
vibrant : adj = ˈdɔja
vibrate, shiver : v = ˈzʌvi
vicious, wild : adj = ˈot̥æwu
victim : n = ˈx̥op̊i
vine, flower : n = ˈgik̥ɛ
vinegar : n = ˈʃ̥iʌ
violate, assault : v = ˈlek̥i
violence : n = ˈbɪp̊a
violin : n = ˈdoi̯lɔt̥u
virgin : n = ˈgɪwu
virus : n = ˈθ̥aθ̥ɪ
vision : n = ˈq̊ɔq̊au̯
visit : n = ˈlæde
visit : v = ˈau̯ŋo
voice : n = ˈq̊ɪma
void : n = ˈɣoðai̯lɪ
volatile : adj = ˈθ̥ino
volcano : n = ˈgɛŋe
volume, capacity : n = ˈs̥ɔmæ
volunteer, enlist : v = ˈbɛt̥aŋa
vomit : v = ˈube
vote : v = ˈðis̥ɔ
voucher : n = ˈwuɛ
vow, swear : v = ˈdiða
vulture : n = ˈʃ̥iwɔ
wage, salary : n = ˈmot̥a
wagon, carriage : n = ˈɣeðɔ
waist : n = ˈliθ̥e
wait, stay, remain, persist, linger : v = ˈðiŋæ
wake, wake up, get up : v = ˈq̊oɣei̯
walk : v = ˈk̥ɔdʌʒu
wall, barrier, hurdle : n = θ̥ɛ
wallet : n = ˈiwi
wander : v = ˈθ̥oðe
want, crave : v = lɔ
war : n = ˈwater
ward : n = ˈjʌq̊u
wardrobe : n = ˈoʃ̥u
warm : adj = ˈjonæ
warn, alert : v = ˈvai̯wi
warrant : n = ˈðui̯bɔ
wash, rinse, flush : v = ˈlori
waste : v = ˈθ̥iq̊a
watch, look, spectate : v = k̥æ
water : n = war
water, liquid, rain, mirror : n = ˈs̥aθ̥æ
wave (ocean), surge : n = ˈiu̯ma
wave (salutation) : v = ˈt̥ʌh̥u
wax : n = ˈmei̯ni
way, process, direction (way) : n = ˈʃ̥uzi
weak : adj = ˈq̊irai̯
wealth : n = ˈʃ̥abæ
weapon : n = ˈzos̥o
wear, put on : v = h̥ei̯
weather : n = ˈq̊ɔs̥ei̯
weave : v = ˈui̯mɪ
web : n = ˈbilɔ
wedding : n = ˈʒoi̯nei̯
wedge : n = ˈælɛ
week : n = ʒau̯
weep, mourn : v = ˈjubei̯
weight : n = ˈx̥abɔ
weird, strange, bizarre, peculiar : adj = ˈiu̯lʌgi
welcome : interj = ˈɛbɪ
well : adv = ɪ
well : interj = ˈf̥ʌɣu
well, fountain : n = ˈmɛbi
west : n = ˈʒazu
wet, damp, moist : adj = ˈgɪq̊u
what : det = wi
when : adv = ma
when : conj = zæ
where : adv = h̥i
whether : conj = de
which : det = jɛ
while : conj = wei̯
whip : n = ˈh̥eni
whisker : n = ˈvoq̊i
whiskey, liquor : n = ˈp̊umorɛ
whisper : v = ˈerɛdu
whistle : v = ˈori
white, blank : adj = k̥ei̯
who : pron = dau̯
whole, entire : adj = ˈjɪmei̯
whose : det = ˈvewimɛ
why : adv = gei̯
wide, broad : adj = ˈoi̯ʒi
widow : n = ˈðɛzɛ
wife : n = ˈθ̥ʌgo
wiggle : v = ˈwioi̯
wild : adj = ˈs̥au̯gɔ
will : n = ˈjɔgi
win : v = bɛ
wind : n = ˈinai̯
window, view, vision, panorama : n = ˈx̥ɛda
wine : n = ˈbʌk̥e
wing : n = ˈaʃ̥o
wing : n = val
wink : v = ˈh̥ogiu̯
winter : n = ˈmoi̯woi̯
wipe : v = ˈwut̥ebɛ
wire : n = ˈbaŋai̯
wise : adj = ˈʌlɪ
wish : v = ˈɣibu
wish : v = q̊iu̯
with (accompanied by) : prep = ɣɔ
with (using) : prep = wu
withdraw, take out, extract : v = ˈʃ̥idʌru
without : prep = ˈmiðæ
withstand : v = ˈwuf̥ui̯
witness : n = ˈðebæ
wizard, witch : n = ˈp̊ix̥ɔ
wolf : n = ˈwai̯bi
woman, wife : n = mo
wood : n = ˈðaræ
wool : n = ˈjɛbɔ
word : n = f̥ai̯
work (be employed), work (toil) : v = mæ
work (function), work (have desired result) : v = k̥ɪ
work : v = ɣau̯
worker, employee : n = ˈjagæ
world, sphere : n = vi
worm : n = ˈgɪjei̯
worry : v = ˈɪmɪʒi
worship : v = ˈɪjɔ
would : v = e
wound, trauma, scar : n = ˈdoi̯wi
wrap : v = ˈwɪja
wreck : v = ˈs̥æp̊ai̯
wrinkle, crease : n = ˈjif̥i
write, draw, mark : v = ˈiq̊u
wrong : adj = ˈinare
mountain : n = xhava
yank, tug, tow : v = ˈʒevɔ
year : n = ui̯
year : n = yar
yellow : adj = ˈðik̥a
yes : interj = bʌ
yesterday : adv = ˈvini
yet : adv = f̥ei̯
yogurt : n = ˈs̥ɛwini
youth : n = ˈʃ̥agi
zero : num = ˈzɔgʌ
dream : n = ˈzhal
zombie : n = ˈθ̥au̯ɣæ
zoo : n = ˈlɛmɔ
Phonetics
Consonant inventory: b d f̥ g h̥ j k̥ l m n p̊ q̊ r s̥ t̥ v w x̥ z ð ŋ ɣ ʃ̥ ʒ θ̥
Co-articulated phonemes
Vowel inventory: a ai̯ au̯ e ei̯ i iu̯ o oi̯ u ui̯ æ ɔ ɛ ɪ ʌ
Diphthongs: ai̯ au̯ ei̯ iu̯ oi̯ ui̯
↓Manner/Place→ | Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||
Stop | b | t̥ d | k̥ g | |||||
Fricative | f̥ v | θ̥ ð | s̥ z | ʃ̥ ʒ | x̥ ɣ | h̥ | ||
Approximant | j | |||||||
Trill | r | |||||||
Lateral approximant | l |
↓Manner/Place→ | Labial-velar |
---|---|
Approximant | w |
Front | Back | |
---|---|---|
High | i | u |
Near-high | ɪ | |
High-mid | e | o |
Low-mid | ɛ | ʌ ɔ |
Near-low | æ | |
Low | a |
Sentence Structure
Sentence word order: Subject-Indirect object-Direct object-Verb. “She gave the dog a bone” turns into She the dog a bone gave.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?
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