Cosmic
Natively known as: cosːmic /ˈcosːmic/
...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...tril seort tés glia gí siort cus tril pir crai gí siort srílist fala gla
Pronunciation: /tʲɾʲɪlʲ ʃɔɾˠt̪ˠ tʲeːʃ gɫiə̯ giː ʃɔɾˠt̪ˠ kʊʃ tʲɾʲɪlʲ pʲɪɾʲ cɾʲəu̯ giː ʃɔɾˠt̪ˠ ˈsˠɾˠiːɫɪsˠt̪ˠ ˈfˠalʲa gɫa/
Cosmic word order: and he stood his hat holding and his wet face turned the wind to
Spelling & Phonology
Consonant inventory: bʲ bˠ c dʲ d̪ˠ fʲ fˠ g h k lʲ mʲ mˠ nʲ n̪ˠ pʲ pˠ sˠ tʲ t̪ˠ vʲ vˠ x ç ŋ ɟ ɫ ɲ ɾʲ ɾˠ ʃ| ↓Manner/Place→ | Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Palato-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | mˠ mʲ | n̪ˠ | nʲ | ɲ | ŋ | |||
| Stop | bˠ bʲ pˠ pʲ | d̪ˠ t̪ˠ | tʲ dʲ | c ɟ | k g | |||
| Fricative | fˠ fʲ vʲ vˠ | sˠ | ʃ | ç | x | h | ||
| Tap | ɾˠ ɾʲ | |||||||
| Lateral approximant | lʲ |
| ↓Manner/Place→ | Velarized alveolar |
|---|---|
| Lateral approximant | ɫ |
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | iː | uː |
| Near-high | ɪ | ʊ |
| High-mid | eː | oː |
| Low-mid | ɛ | ɔ |
| Low | a | ɑː |
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable ? Spelling rules:
| Pronunciation | Spelling |
|---|---|
| ca | cea |
| coː | ceo |
| cu | ciu |
| kɪ | coi | cai | cui |
| k | c |
| h | th |
| x | ch |
| ç | ch |
| ɲ | nn |
| #n̪ˠ | n |
| nʲ | n |
| n̪ˠ | nn |
| ŋg | ng |
| ŋ | ng |
| mʲ | m |
| mˠ | m |
| pʲ | p |
| pˠ | p |
| bʲ | b |
| bˠ | b |
| lʲ | l |
| ɫ | l |
| ʃa | sea |
| sˠɪ | sai |
| sˠi | suí |
| sˠeː | sao |
| ʃɔ | seo | sio |
| ʃo | seo |
| ʃu | siu |
| ʃ | s |
| sˠ | s |
| tʲu | tiu |
| tʲ | te / _{a,ɑː} |
| tʲ | t |
| t̪ˠoː | teo |
| t̪ˠɛ | te |
| t̪ˠ | t |
| fˠi | faoi |
| fˠɪ | fui |
| fˠuː | fiú |
| fˠ | f |
| fʲ | f |
| ɟ | g |
| ɪ | i |
| ɑː | á |
| eːɾˠ | éar |
| ɾˠ | r |
| ɾʲ | r |
| vˠ | bh | mh |
| vʲ | bh |
| d̪ˠ | d |
| dʲ | d |
| əi | a |
| eː | é |
| ɛ | ei |
| ɔ | o |
| oː | ó |
| iː | í |
| uː | ú |
| iə | ia |
| əu | ai |
| uə | ua |
| ʊ | u |
| ̯ |
Grammar
Main word order: Subject Object Verb (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Mary the door opened with a key.Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun.
Adposition: postpositions ?
Verb affixes
| Past | If ends with vowel: Suffix -k
Else: Suffix -ak sceanac /ˈʃcanʲak/ learned |
| Present | No affix
scean /ʃcanʲ/ learn |
| Future | Suffix -iː
sceaní /ˈʃcanʲiː/ will learn |
Pronouns
| 1st person | grust /gɾˠʊʃtʲ/ I, me, mine, we, us, ours |
| 2nd person | dei /dʲɛ/ you, you all, yours, yours (pl) |
| 3rd person | siort /ʃɔɾˠt̪ˠ/ he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its, they, them, theirs |
Numbers
Cosmic has a base-10 number system: 1 - ló2 - más
3 - diacht
4 - ca
5 - thia
6 - gi
7 - ala
8 - croch
9 - pá
10 - chia
100 - lu
1000 - cu
Derivational morphology
Adjective → adverb = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n̪ˠt̪ˠaElse: Suffix -ɔn̪ˠt̪ˠa
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Suffix -ɑːɲ
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ɾˠtʲ
Else: Suffix -ia̯ɾˠtʲ
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = Suffix -iə̯
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -x
Else: Suffix -ia̯x
Noun to verb = Suffix -əi̯sˠ
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = Suffix -ɑː
Tending to = Suffix -uː
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ɾʲ
Else: Suffix -uːɾʲ
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ɾʲ
Else: Suffix -uːɾʲ
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ɾʲ
Else: Suffix -iə̯ɾʲ
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = Suffix -a
Diminutive = If ends with vowel: Suffix -vˠoː
Else: Suffix -avˠoː
Augmentative = Suffix -ɔk

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