Fujiokan Tongue

Natively known as: kibla /ˈkɪblɑ/

  ...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind...
orn lo ka pu punks lor orn slerf punks wros jharf nu wrir
Pronunciation: /oɹn lo kɑ pʌ pʌnks loɹ oɹn slɛɹf pʌnks wɹos ʤhɑɹf nʌ wɹɪɹ/
Kiblan word order: and stood he holding hat his and turned his face wet to the wind  

Spelling & Phonology

  Consonant inventory: b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x z  

↓Manner/Place→	Bilabial	Labiodental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal	m		n
Stop	p b		t d	c	k g	q
Fricative		f v	s z		x		h
Approximant				j
Trill			r
Lateral approximant			l

Co-articulated phonemes  

↓Manner/Place→	Labial-velar
Approximant	w

Vowel inventory: a e i o u y  

	Front	Back
High	i y	u
High-mid	e	o
Low	a

Syllable structure: Custom defined ?
Stress pattern: Penultimate — stress is on the second last syllable ?   Sound changes (in order of application):  

• a → ɑ
• b → b
• ch → ʧ
• c → k
• d → d
• e → ɛ
• f → f
• g → g
• h → h
• i → ɪ
• j → ʤ
• kk → k
• k → k
• ll → l
• l → l
• m → m
• ng → ŋ
• nn → n
• n → n
• o → o
• p → p
• q → k
• r → ɹ
• sh → ʃ
• s → s
• th → θ
• t → t
• u → ʌ
• v → v
• w → w
• x → ks
• y → i
• z → z

  Spelling rules:  

Pronunciation	Spelling
ɑ	a
b	b
ʧ	ch
d	d
ɛ	e
f	f
g	g
h	h
ɪ	i
ʤ	j
k	k
l	l
m	m
ŋ	ng
n	n
o	o
p	p
ɹ	r
ʃ	sh
s	s
θ	th
t	t
ʌ	u
v	v
w	w
z	z

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Grammar

  Main word order: Verb Subject Object (Prepositional phrase). “Mary opened the door with a key” turns into Opened Mary the door with a key.
Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned after the noun.
Adposition: prepositions ?  

Nouns

  Nouns have four cases:

• Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
• Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
• Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
• Dative is the recipient of something: man gives ball to dog.

 

Nominative	No affix wynty /ˈwinti/ dog (doing the verb)
Accusative	If starts with vowel: Prefix f- Else: Prefix fy- fywynty /fiˈwinti/ (verb done to) dog
Genitive	Prefix o- owynty /oˈwinti/ dogʼs
Dative	Prefix we- wewynty /wɛˈwinti/ to (the/a) dog

 

Singular	Prefix dy- dywynty /diˈwinti/ dog
Plural	No affix wynty /ˈwinti/ dogs

Articles

 

Definite	ga /gɑ/ the
Indefinite	lu /lʌ/ a, some

Uses of definite article that differ from English:

• Definite article can be omitted: ‘I am going to supermarket’
• Used to talk about countable nouns in general: English’s ‘I like cats’ would translate to ‘I like the cats’
• Used for personal names in third person: ‘The Maria has left for school’
• Used with place names: ‘The London’

  Uses of indefinite article that differ from English:

• Not used for non-specific mass (uncountable) nouns: non-specific means ‘Would you like some (any) tea?’ whereas specific means ‘Some tea (a specific amount) fell off the truck’

 

Pronouns

 

	Nominative	Accusative	Genitive	Dative
1st singular	go /go/ I	jon /ʤon/ me	ni /nɪ/ mine	dyn /din/ to me
2nd singular	ki /kɪ/ you	ba /bɑ/ you	ji /ʤɪ/ yours	tas /tɑs/ to you
3rd singular masc	ka /kɑ/ he, it	sir /sɪɹ/ him, it	ca /kɑ/ his, its	jho /ʤho/ to him, at it
3rd singular fem	fa /fɑ/ she, it	wu /wʌ/ her, it	janx /ʤɑnks/ hers, its	o /o/ to her, at it
1st plural	fe /fɛ/ we	bo /bo/ us	zu /zʌ/ ours	shu /ʃʌ/ to us
2nd plural	e /ɛ/ you all	vin /vɪn/ you all	tyn /tin/ yours (pl)	cra /kɹɑ/ to you all
3rd plural	u /ʌ/ they	ti /tɪ/ them	da /dɑ/ theirs	os /os/ to them

Possessive determiners

 

1st singular	nyrn /niɹn/ my
2nd singular	de /dɛ/ your
3rd singular masc	punx /pʌnks/ his
3rd singular fem	te /tɛ/ her
1st plural	ma /mɑ/ our
2nd plural	jenx /ʤɛnks/ your (pl)
3rd plural	fyth /fiθ/ their

Verbs

 

Singular	No affix ploltoby /plolˈtobi/ (I/you/he/she/it) learn/learned/will learn
Plural	If starts with vowel: Prefix gr- Else: Prefix gro- groploltoby /ˌgɹoplolˈtobi/ (we/they) learn/learned/will learn

Kiblan uses a standalone particle word for past tense:  

Past	Particle before the verb: qa - qa ploltoby /kɑ plolˈtobi/ learned

Kiblan uses a standalone particle word for future tense:  

Future

Particle before the verb: slirf - slirf ploltoby /slɪɹf plolˈtobi/ will learn

Progressive aspect

  The ‘progressive’ aspect refers to actions that are happening at the time of speaking, such as I am learning.
Kiblan uses a standalone particle word for progressive:  

Progressive

Particle before the verb: cril - cril ploltoby /kɹɪl plolˈtobi/ is learning

Habitual aspect

  The ‘habitual’ aspect refers to actions that happen habitually, such as I learn (something new every day), as opposed to actions that happen once (I learned something).
Kiblan uses a standalone particle word for habitual:  

Habitual

Particle before the verb: u - u ploltoby /ʌ plolˈtobi/ learns

Numbers

  Kiblan has a base-20 number system:   1 - sa
2 - farf
3 - e
4 - sla
5 - fy
6 - bnu
7 - cry
8 - anx
9 - go
10 - te
11 - otri
12 - sax
13 - fu
14 - qyn
15 - ox
16 - jern
17 - cos
18 - sli
19 - kor
20 - lu
400 - bargo
8000 - bra
 

Derivational morphology

  Adjective → adverb = Suffix -ar
Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -ggi
Else: Suffix -eggi
Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix sl-
Else: Prefix slo-
Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix yth-
Else: Prefix ytha-
Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -r
Else: Suffix -ur
Noun to verb = Prefix i-
Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -n
Else: Suffix -yn
Tending to = Suffix -en
Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix inm-
Else: Prefix inmy-
Verb → noun that verb produces (e.g. know → knowledge) = If starts with vowel: Prefix t-
Else: Prefix tu-
One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix u-
Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If ends with vowel: Suffix -r
Else: Suffix -yr
Diminutive = If starts with vowel: Prefix gr-
Else: Prefix gri-
Augmentative = Suffix -a